Al-Karagholi Mohammad Al-Mahdi
Danish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, 1165 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Pharmaceuticals (Basel). 2023 Mar 14;16(3):438. doi: 10.3390/ph16030438.
Migraine is a primary headache disorder ranked as the leading cause of years lived with disability among individuals younger than 50 years. The aetiology of migraine is complex and might involve several molecules of different signalling pathways. Emerging evidence implicates potassium channels, predominantly ATP-sensitive potassium (K) channels and large (big) calcium-sensitive potassium (BK) channels in migraine attack initiation. Basic neuroscience revealed that stimulation of potassium channels activated and sensitized trigeminovascular neurons. Clinical trials showed that administration of potassium channel openers caused headache and migraine attack associated with dilation of cephalic arteries. The present review highlights the molecular structure and physiological function of K and BK channels, presents recent insights into the role of potassium channels in migraine pathophysiology, and discusses possible complementary effects and interdependence of potassium channels in migraine attack initiation.
偏头痛是一种原发性头痛疾病，在50岁以下人群中，它是导致失能生存年数的首要原因。偏头痛的病因复杂，可能涉及多种不同信号通路的分子。新出现的证据表明，钾通道，主要是ATP敏感性钾（K）通道和大（BK）钙敏感性钾通道，参与偏头痛发作的起始过程。基础神经科学研究表明，刺激钾通道可激活并致敏三叉神经血管神经元。临床试验显示，给予钾通道开放剂会引发头痛和偏头痛发作，并伴有头动脉扩张。本综述重点介绍了K通道和BK通道的分子结构与生理功能，阐述了钾通道在偏头痛病理生理学中作用的最新见解，并讨论了钾通道在偏头痛发作起始过程中可能存在的互补作用和相互依赖性。
