Dipartimento di Ingegneria dell'Informazione, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy.
Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chururgiche, Scienze Radiologiche e Sanità Pubblica, Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, BS, Italy.
Sensors (Basel). 2023 Mar 16;23(6):3175. doi: 10.3390/s23063175.
Obesity has a critical impact on musculoskeletal systems, and excessive weight directly affects the ability of subjects to realize movements. It is important to monitor the activities of obese subjects, their functional limitations, and the overall risks related to specific motor tasks. From this perspective, this systematic review identified and summarized the main technologies specifically used to acquire and quantify movements in scientific studies involving obese subjects. The search for articles was carried out on electronic databases, i.e., PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. We included observational studies performed on adult obese subjects whenever reporting quantitative information concerning their movement. The articles must have been written in English, published after 2010, and concerned subjects who were primarily diagnosed with obesity, thus excluding confounding diseases. Marker-based optoelectronic stereophotogrammetric systems resulted to be the most adopted solution for movement analysis focused on obesity; indeed, wearable technologies based on magneto-inertial measurement units (MIMUs) were recently adopted for analyzing obese subjects. Further, these systems are usually integrated with force platforms, so as to have information about the ground reaction forces. However, few studies specifically reported the reliability and limitations of these approaches due to soft tissue artifacts and crosstalk, which turned out to be the most relevant problems to deal with in this context. In this perspective, in spite of their inherent limitations, medical imaging techniques-such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and biplane radiography-should be used to improve the accuracy of biomechanical evaluations in obese people, and to systematically validate less-invasive approaches.
肥胖对肌肉骨骼系统有重大影响，体重过大直接影响到研究对象完成动作的能力。监测肥胖人群的活动、他们的功能受限情况，以及与特定运动任务相关的整体风险非常重要。从这个角度来看，本系统综述确定并总结了专门用于获取和量化肥胖人群科学研究中运动的主要技术。文章检索在电子数据库进行，即 PubMed、Scopus 和 Web of Science。我们纳入了关于肥胖成年人的观察性研究，这些研究报告了与他们的运动有关的定量信息。文章必须用英文书写，发表时间在 2010 年以后，且研究对象主要被诊断为肥胖症，从而排除混杂疾病。基于标记的光电立体摄影测量系统是针对肥胖症进行运动分析的最常用解决方案；事实上，基于磁惯性测量单元 (MIMU) 的可穿戴技术最近已被用于分析肥胖人群。此外，这些系统通常与力平台集成，以便获得地面反作用力的信息。然而，由于软组织伪影和串扰，这些方法的可靠性和局限性很少有研究专门报道，这是该领域需要解决的最相关问题。从这个角度来看，尽管存在固有局限性，医学成像技术（如磁共振成像 (MRI) 和双平面射线照相术）也应被用于提高肥胖人群生物力学评估的准确性，并系统地验证微创方法。
