Abdelhady Mariam, Husain Muhammad Ashraf, Hawas Yousef, Elazb Mahmoud Abdelsalam, Mansour Lena Said, Mohamed Mohamed, Abdelwahab Maya Magdy, Aljabali Ahmed, Negida Ahmed
Faculty of Medicine, October 6 University, Giza 12585, Egypt.
Medical Research Group of Egypt (MRGE), Cairo 11511, Egypt.
Vaccines (Basel). 2023 Mar 2;11(3):576. doi: 10.3390/vaccines11030576.
Since the advent of global COVID-19 vaccination, several studies reported cases of encephalitis with its various subtypes following COVID-19 vaccinations. In this regard, we conducted a systematic review to investigate and characterize the clinical settings of these reported cases to aid in physician awareness and proper care provision.
We systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus and manually searched Google Scholar. Studies published until October 2022 were included. Demographic data, clinical features, vaccine data, treatment lines, and outcomes were extracted.
A total of 65 patients from 52 studies were included. The mean age of patients was 46.82 ± 19.25 years, 36 cases (55.4%) were males. AstraZeneca was the most-reported vaccine associated with encephalitis (38.5%) followed by Pfizer (33.8%), Moderna (16.9%), and others. Moat encephalitis cases occurred after the first dose of vaccination in 41/65 (66.1%). The mean time between vaccination and symptom onset was 9.97 ± 7.16 days. Corticosteroids (86.2 %) and immunosuppressants (81.5 %) were the most used lines of treatment. The majority of affected individuals experienced a full recovery.
Our study summarizes the current evidence of reported post-vaccination encephalitis, regarding clinical presentation, symptoms onset, management, outcomes, and comorbid conditions; however, it fails to either acknowledge the incidence of occurrence or establish a causal relationship between various COVID-19 vaccines and encephalitis.
自全球新冠疫苗接种开始以来，多项研究报告了接种新冠疫苗后出现脑炎及其各种亚型的病例。鉴于此，我们进行了一项系统综述，以调查和描述这些报告病例的临床情况，以提高医生的认识并提供适当的护理。
我们系统检索了PubMed、科学网和Scopus，并手动检索了谷歌学术。纳入截至2022年10月发表的研究。提取人口统计学数据、临床特征、疫苗数据、治疗方法和结果。
共纳入52项研究中的65例患者。患者的平均年龄为46.82±19.25岁，36例（55.4%）为男性。阿斯利康是报告中与脑炎关联最多的疫苗（38.5%），其次是辉瑞（33.8%）、莫德纳（16.9%）和其他疫苗。65例中有41例（66.1%）的大多数脑炎病例发生在首剂疫苗接种后。接种疫苗至症状出现的平均时间为9.97±7.16天。皮质类固醇（86.2%）和免疫抑制剂（81.5%）是最常用的治疗方法。大多数受影响个体实现了完全康复。
我们的研究总结了目前关于接种疫苗后脑炎的现有证据，涉及临床表现、症状出现、管理、结果和合并症；然而，它未能确认发病率，也未能确定各种新冠疫苗与脑炎之间的因果关系。
