Postgraduate Program in Tropical Medicine (PPGMT), State University of Amazonas (UEA) in Partnership with the Tropical Medicine Foundation Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado (FMT-HVD), Manaus 69040-000, Brazil.
Department of Maternal and Child Health, Medical School, Federal University of Amazonas, Manaus 69020-160, Brazil.
Viruses. 2023 Mar 1;15(3):662. doi: 10.3390/v15030662.
The high incidence of Zika virus (ZIKV) infection in the period of 2015-2016 in Brazil may have affected linear height growth velocity (GV) in children exposed in utero to ZIKV. This study describes the growth velocity and nutritional status based on the World Organization (WHO) standards of children exposed to ZIKV during pregnancy and followed up in a tertiary unit, a reference for tropical and infectious diseases in the Amazon. Seventy-one children born between March 2016 and June 2018 were monitored for anthropometric indices: z-score for body mass index (BMI/A); weight (W/A); height (H/A) and head circumference (HC/A); and growth velocity. The mean age at the last assessment was 21.1 months (SD ± 8.93). Four children had congenital microcephaly and severe neurological impairment. The other 67 were non-microcephalic children (60 normocephalic and 7 macrocephalic); of these; 24.2% (16 children) had neurological alterations, and 28.8% (19 children) had altered neuropsychomotor development. Seventeen (24.2%) children had inadequate GV (low growth velocity). The frequencies of low growth among microcephalic and non-microcephalic patients are 25% (1 of 4 children) and 23.9% (16 of 67 children); respectively. Most children had normal BMI/A values during follow-up. Microcephalic patients showed low H/A and HC/A throughout the follow-up, with a significant reduction in the HC/A z-score. Non-microcephalic individuals are within the regular ranges for H/A; HC/A; and W/A, except for the H/A score for boys. This study showed low growth velocity in children with and without microcephaly, highlighting the need for continuous evaluation of all children born to mothers exposed to ZIKV during pregnancy.
2015-2016 年期间巴西寨卡病毒（ZIKV）感染高发，可能会影响宫内暴露于 ZIKV 的儿童的线性身高生长速度（GV）。本研究描述了在一家三级医疗机构中接受随访的孕期暴露于 ZIKV 的儿童的生长速度和营养状况，这些儿童是基于世界卫生组织（WHO）标准进行评估的，为亚马逊地区的热带和传染病提供了参考。本研究共纳入了 71 名 2016 年 3 月至 2018 年 6 月期间出生的儿童，监测了他们的人体测量指标：体重指数（BMI/A）的 z 分数；体重（W/A）；身高（H/A）和头围（HC/A）；以及生长速度。最后一次评估时的平均年龄为 21.1 个月（标准差±8.93）。4 名儿童患有先天性小头畸形和严重神经功能障碍。其余 67 名儿童为非小头畸形儿童（60 名正常头围和 7 名大头围）；其中 24.2%（16 名儿童）有神经功能改变，28.8%（19 名儿童）有神经心理运动发育改变。17 名（24.2%）儿童生长速度不足（生长缓慢）。小头畸形和非小头畸形患者中生长缓慢的频率分别为 25%（4 名儿童中有 1 名）和 23.9%（67 名儿童中有 16 名）。大多数儿童在随访期间的 BMI/A 值正常。小头畸形患儿在整个随访期间 H/A 和 HC/A 值较低，HC/A z 评分显著降低。非小头畸形个体的 H/A；HC/A；和 W/A 值均在正常范围内，除了男孩的 H/A 评分。本研究显示，小头畸形和非小头畸形患儿的生长速度均较慢，突出了需要对所有母亲在孕期暴露于 ZIKV 后出生的儿童进行持续评估。
