Dogra Atika, Krishna Vidya, Parkash Anuj, Mehta Anurag, Varma Tarun
Department of Research, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, IND.
Department of Research and Development, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi, IND.
Cureus. 2023 Feb 23;15(2):e35386. doi: 10.7759/cureus.35386. eCollection 2023 Feb.
Background and objectives The second wave of coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) had several severe consequences in the form of rising cases, deaths, and overwhelming health infrastructure in India. However, the similarities and differences between the characteristics of the first and second waves have yet to be explained. The objectives of the study were to compare the incidence, clinical management, and mortality rates between two waves. Methods The COVID-19 data collated from Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Delhi between the first wave (1 April 2020 to 27 February 2021) and second wave (1 March 2021 to 30 June 2021) were evaluated in terms of incidence, the clinical course of the disease, and mortality rates. Results The number of subjects hospitalized in the first and second waves was 289 and 564, respectively. Compared to the first wave, the proportion of patients with severe disease was higher (9.7% vs. 37.8%). Several parameters such as age group, grade of disease, the reason for hospitalization, values of peripheral oxygen saturation, type of respiratory support, response to therapy, vital status, and others show statistically significant differences between the two waves (P<0.001). The mortality rate in the second wave was significantly higher (20.2% vs. 2.4%, P<0.001) than in the first wave. Interpretation and conclusions The clinical course and outcomes of COVID-19 significantly differ between the first and second waves. There is a higher incidence of hospitalized patients (66.1% vs. 33.9%) with drastically increased case fatality rate in the second wave. Disease severity in the first wave is four times lower than in the second wave. The second wave was quite devastating, which led to the shortage of critical care facilities and the loss of a significant number of lives.
背景与目的 新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）第二波疫情在印度造成了多方面严重后果，包括病例数上升、死亡人数增加以及医疗基础设施不堪重负。然而，第一波和第二波疫情特征之间的异同尚待阐明。本研究的目的是比较两波疫情的发病率、临床管理和死亡率。方法 对从德里的拉吉夫·甘地癌症研究所和研究中心整理的2020年4月1日至2021年2月27日第一波疫情以及2021年3月1日至2021年6月30日第二波疫情期间的COVID-19数据，从发病率、疾病临床过程和死亡率方面进行评估。结果 第一波和第二波住院患者人数分别为289例和564例。与第一波相比，重症患者比例更高（9.7%对37.8%）。两波疫情在年龄组、疾病分级、住院原因、外周血氧饱和度值、呼吸支持类型、治疗反应、生命状态等多个参数上存在统计学显著差异（P<0.001）。第二波疫情的死亡率显著高于第一波（20.2%对2.4%，P<0.001）。解读与结论 COVID-19的临床过程和结果在第一波和第二波疫情之间存在显著差异。第二波疫情中住院患者发病率更高（66.1%对33.9%），病死率大幅上升。第一波疫情的疾病严重程度比第二波低四倍。第二波疫情极具破坏性，导致重症监护设施短缺和大量生命损失。
