Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, United States.
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, Food and Drug Administration, College Park, MD 20740, United States.
J Food Prot. 2023 May;86(5):100079. doi: 10.1016/j.jfp.2023.100079. Epub 2023 Mar 31.
In 2021, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and state partners investigated a multistate outbreak of Salmonella Typhimurium illnesses linked to packaged leafy greens from a controlled environment agriculture (CEA) operation in Illinois. Thirty-one illnesses and four hospitalizations were reported in four states, with a significant epidemiologic signal for packaged leafy greens from Farm A. A traceback investigation for leafy greens included seven points of service (POS) with food exposure data from eight ill people. Each POS was supplied leafy greens by Farm A. FDA investigators observed operations at Farm A and noted that 1) the firm did not consider their indoor hydroponic pond water as agricultural water, 2) condensate dripping from the chiller water supply line inside the building, and 3) unprotected outdoor storage of packaged soilless growth media and pallets used for finished product. FDA collected 25 product, water, and environmental samples from Farm A. The outbreak strain was recovered from a water sample collected from a stormwater drainage basin located on the property adjacent to Farm A. In addition, an isolate of Salmonella Liverpool was recovered from two indoor growing ponds within the same growing house, but no illnesses were linked to the isolate. Farm A voluntarily recalled all implicated products and provided their root cause analysis (RCA) and return-to-market plan to FDA. While the source and route of the contamination were not determined by the RCA, epidemiologic and traceback evidence confirmed the packaged salads consumed by ill persons were produced by Farm A. This was the first investigation of a multistate foodborne illness outbreak associated with leafy greens grown in a CEA operation. This outbreak demonstrated the need for growers using hydroponic methods to review their practices for potential sources and routes of contamination and to reduce food safety risks when identified.
2021 年，美国食品和药物管理局（FDA）、疾病控制和预防中心（CDC）以及州合作伙伴调查了一起与伊利诺伊州受控环境农业（CEA）运营的包装叶菜有关的沙门氏菌 Typhimurium 疫情。在四个州报告了 31 例疾病和 4 例住院病例，Farm A 的包装叶菜有显著的流行病学信号。叶菜追溯调查包括有食品暴露数据的七个服务点（POS）和来自 8 名患者的信息。每个 POS 都从 Farm A 获得了叶菜。FDA 调查人员观察了 Farm A 的运营情况，并注意到：1）该公司不将其室内水培池塘水视为农业用水；2）建筑物内冷却器供水管线上的冷凝水滴；3）未受保护的室外储存无土生长介质和用于成品的托盘。FDA 从 Farm A 收集了 25 个产品、水和环境样本。从紧邻 Farm A 场地的雨水排水盆地采集的水样中恢复了疫情菌株。此外，还从同一种植室内的两个室内种植池塘中恢复了一株利物浦沙门氏菌，但没有与该分离株相关的疾病。Farm A 自愿召回了所有受影响的产品，并向 FDA 提供了他们的根本原因分析（RCA）和重返市场计划。虽然 RCA 未确定污染的来源和途径，但流行病学和追溯证据证实，患病者食用的包装沙拉是由 Farm A 生产的。这是首次对与 CEA 运营中种植的叶菜有关的食源性疾病爆发进行的调查。此次疫情表明，使用水培方法的种植者需要审查其潜在的污染来源和途径，并在确定后降低食品安全风险。
