Center for Emergency Preparedness and Response, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Japan.
Department of Microbiology, Ehime Prefectural Institute of Public Health and Environmental Science, Japan.
Jpn J Infect Dis. 2023 Jul 24;76(4):255-258. doi: 10.7883/yoken.JJID.2022.704. Epub 2023 Mar 31.
Sapovirus (SaV) infections are a public health problem because they cause acute gastroenteritis in humans of all ages, both sporadically and as outbreaks. However, only a limited amount of SaV sequence information, especially whole-genome sequences for all the SaV genotypes, is publicly available. Therefore, in this study, we determined the full/near-full-length genomic sequences of 138 SaVs from the 2001 to 2015 seasons in 13 prefectures across Japan. The genogroup GI was predominant (67%, n = 92), followed by genogroups GII (18%, n = 25), GIV (9%, n = 12), and GV (6%, n = 9). Within the GI genogroup, four different genotypes were identified: GI.1 (n = 44), GI.2 (n = 40), GI.3 (n = 7), and GI.5 (n = 1). We then compared these Japanese SaV sequences with 3,119 publicly available human SaV sequences collected from 49 countries over the last 46 years. The results indicated that GI.1, and GI.2 have been the predominant genotypes in Japan, as well as in other countries, over at least four decades. The 138 newly determined Japanese SaV sequences together with the currently available SaV sequences, could facilitate a better understanding of the evolutionary patterns of SaV genotypes.
肠道病毒（SaV）感染是一个公共卫生问题，因为它们会导致所有年龄段的人类突发急性肠胃炎，无论是零星发生还是爆发性流行。然而，目前只有有限数量的 SaV 序列信息，特别是所有 SaV 基因型的全基因组序列，是公开可用的。因此，在这项研究中，我们测定了来自日本 13 个县在 2001 年至 2015 年期间的 138 株 SaV 的全长/近全长基因组序列。基因组 GI 占主导地位（67%，n=92），其次是基因组 GII（18%，n=25）、GIV（9%，n=12）和 GV（6%，n=9）。在 GI 基因组内，鉴定出了四种不同的基因型：GI.1（n=44）、GI.2（n=40）、GI.3（n=7）和 GI.5（n=1）。然后，我们将这些日本 SaV 序列与过去 46 年来自 49 个国家收集的 3119 个人类 SaV 序列进行了比较。结果表明，GI.1 和 GI.2 至少在四个十年以来一直是日本以及其他国家的主要基因型。这 138 株新确定的日本 SaV 序列与目前可用的 SaV 序列一起，可以促进对 SaV 基因型进化模式的更好理解。
