Department of Ophthalmology, Putuo People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.
Office of Party and Government Affairs, Healthcare Services Center, Yichuan Street Community, Putuo, Shanghai, China.
Front Public Health. 2023 Mar 16;11:1099754. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1099754. eCollection 2023.
To investigate the impacts of sensory impairments (SIs) including single vision impairment (SVI), single hearing impairment (SHI) and dual sensory impairment (DSI) on subjective wellbeing measurements including life expectancy (LE), life satisfaction (LS) and self-rated health (SRH) in middle-aged and older Chinese population.
We obtained data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Survey (CHARLS). In total, 9,293 Chinese middle-aged and older adults aging over 45 were included at baseline 2011 in this study, and 3,932 participants who accomplished all 4 interviews from 2011 to 2018 were adapted for longitudinal analyses. Sensory status and subjective wellbeing measurements were collected. Other covariates included socio-demographic characteristics, medical condition and lifestyle-related factors. The impacts of baseline sensory status on LE, LS and SRH were assessed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. A linear regression analysis with generalized estimating equations (GEE) was used to assess the association between time-varying sensory statuses with LE, LS and SRH over 8 years after being adjusted with multi-confounding factors.
Participants with SIs had significantly lower level of LE, LS, and SRH, compared to those who were free of SI. All kinds of SIs were significantly associated with LE, LS, and SRH according to cross-sectional data. The correlations between SIs and LE or SRH over 8 years were also noticed. However, only SHI and DSI were found to be significantly associated with LS according to longitudinal data (all values < 0.05).
Sensory impairments had explicitly detrimental effects on subjective wellbeing status over time among middle-aged and older Chinese population.
研究感觉障碍（SIs）对中年及以上中国人群主观幸福感测量指标的影响，包括预期寿命（LE）、生活满意度（LS）和自评健康（SRH），这些指标包括单视力障碍（SVI）、单听力障碍（SHI）和双重感觉障碍（DSI）。
我们从中国健康与退休纵向研究（CHARLS）中获得了数据。本研究共纳入了 9293 名年龄在 45 岁以上的中国中年及以上成年人，他们在 2011 年基线时参加了研究，其中 3932 名参与者完成了 2011 年至 2018 年的 4 次访谈，适用于纵向分析。收集了感觉状态和主观幸福感测量数据。其他协变量包括社会人口统计学特征、医疗状况和与生活方式相关的因素。使用单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析评估基线感觉状况对 LE、LS 和 SRH 的影响。使用广义估计方程（GEE）的线性回归分析评估了 8 年后随时间变化的感觉状况与 LE、LS 和 SRH 之间的关联，调整了多种混杂因素。
与无感觉障碍者相比，有感觉障碍者的 LE、LS 和 SRH 水平显著较低。根据横断面数据，所有类型的 SIs 与 LE、LS 和 SRH 均显著相关。在 8 年内，SIs 与 LE 或 SRH 之间也存在相关性。然而，根据纵向数据，只有 SHI 和 DSI 与 LS 显著相关（所有 值<0.05）。
在中年及以上中国人群中，感觉障碍随着时间的推移对主观幸福感状态有明显的不利影响。
