Miaffo David, Ntchapda Fidèle, Poualeu Kamani Sylviane Laure, Kopodjing Bello Angèle, Mahamad Talba Abba, Maidadi Barthelemy, Kolefer Kilenma
Department of Life and Earth Sciences, Higher Teachers' Training College, University of Maroua, P.O. Box 55, Maroua, Cameroon.
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Ngaoundéré, P.O. Box 454, Ngaoundéré, Cameroon.
Metabol Open. 2023 Mar 21;18:100238. doi: 10.1016/j.metop.2023.100238. eCollection 2023 Jun.
is a plant used in traditional African medicine to treat diabetes mellitus. This study aimed to evaluate the preventive antidiabetic potential of the aqueous extract of leaves (AETD) in insulin resistant rats.
A quantitative phytochemical study of AETD was carried out to determine the contents of total phenols, tannins, flavonoids, and saponins. AETD was tested on the activity of α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes. Insulin resistance was induced for 10 days by daily subcutaneous injection of dexamethasone (1 mg/kg). One hour before, the rats were divided into 5 groups and treated as follows: group 1 received distilled water (10 mL/kg); group 2 received metformin (40 mg/kg), and groups 3, 4, and 5 were treated with AETD (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg). Body weight, blood sugar, food and water consumption, serum insulin level, lipid profile, and oxidative status were assessed. One-way analysis of variance followed by Turkey's post-test and two-way analysis followed by Bonferroni's post-test were used to analyze univariate and bivariate parameters, respectively.
Results showed that the phenol content of AETD (54.13 ± 0.14 mg GAE/g extract) was higher than that of flavonoids (16.73 ± 0.06 mg GAE/g extract), tannins (12.08 ± 0.07 mg GAE/g extract), and saponins (IC = 13.56 ± 0.03 mg DE/g extract). AETD showed a higher inhibitory potential on α-glucosidase activity (IC = 191.51 ± 5.63 μg/mL) than on α-amylase activity (IC = 1774.90 ± 10.32 μg/mL). AETD (250 and/or 500 mg/kg) prevented drastic loss of body weight and reduced food and water consumption in insulin resistant rats. The levels of blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and malondialdehyde were also reduced while high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, reduced glutathion level, and catalase and superoxide dismutase activity increased after administration of AETD (250 and 500 mg/kg) in insulin resistant rats.
AETD has significant antihyperglycemic, antidyslipidemic, and antioxidant potential, thus it can be used for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications.
是一种用于非洲传统医学治疗糖尿病的植物。本研究旨在评估 叶水提取物（AETD）对胰岛素抵抗大鼠的预防抗糖尿病潜力。
对AETD进行了定量植物化学研究，以测定总酚、单宁、黄酮类化合物和皂苷的含量。测试了AETD对α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的影响。通过每日皮下注射地塞米松（1 mg/kg）诱导胰岛素抵抗10天。在这之前1小时，将大鼠分为5组并进行如下处理：第1组接受蒸馏水（10 mL/kg）；第2组接受二甲双胍（40 mg/kg），第3、4和5组用AETD（125、250和500 mg/kg）处理。评估体重、血糖、食物和水消耗、血清胰岛素水平、血脂谱和氧化状态。分别采用单因素方差分析后进行Turkey事后检验和双因素分析后进行Bonferroni事后检验来分析单变量和双变量参数。
结果表明，AETD的酚含量（54.13±0.14 mg GAE/g提取物）高于黄酮类化合物（16.73±0.06 mg GAE/g提取物）、单宁（12.08±0.07 mg GAE/g提取物）和皂苷（IC = 13.56±0.03 mg DE/g提取物）。AETD对α-葡萄糖苷酶活性的抑制潜力（IC = 191.51±5.63 μg/mL）高于对α-淀粉酶活性的抑制潜力（IC = 1774.90±10.32 μg/mL）。AETD（250和/或500 mg/kg）可防止胰岛素抵抗大鼠体重急剧下降，并减少食物和水的消耗。在胰岛素抵抗大鼠中给予AETD（250和500 mg/kg）后，血糖、总胆固醇、甘油三酯、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇和丙二醛水平也降低，而高密度脂蛋白胆固醇水平、还原型谷胱甘肽水平以及过氧化氢酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性增加。
AETD具有显著的降血糖、抗血脂异常和抗氧化潜力，因此可用于2型糖尿病及其并发症的管理。
