Mirmosayyeb Omid, Ghaffary Elham Moases, Dehghan Mohammad S, Ghoshouni Hamed, Bagherieh Sara, Barzegar Mahdi, Shaygannejad Vahid
Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Isfahan Neurosciences Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
J Cent Nerv Syst Dis. 2023 Mar 29;15:11795735231167869. doi: 10.1177/11795735231167869. eCollection 2023.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD) is an uncommon neurological disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Numerous neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), acute transverse myelitis (ATM), and MOGAD, have been reported following the COVID-19 infection during the current COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, it has been suggested that patients with MOGAD may be at greater risk for infection (particularly in the current pandemic).
In this systematic review, we gathered separately 1) MOGAD cases following COVID-19 infection as well as 2) clinical course of patients with MOGAD infected with COVID-19 based on case reports/series.
329 articles were collected from 4 databases. These articles were conducted from inception to March 1, 2022.
Following the screening, exclusion criteria were followed and eventually, 22 studies were included. In 18 studies, a mean ± SD time interval of 18.6 ± 14.9 days was observed between infection with COVID-19 and the onset of MOGAD symptoms. Symptoms were partially or completely recovered in a mean of 67 days of follow-up.Among 4 studies on MOGAD patients, the hospitalization rate was 25%, and 15% of patients were hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Our systematic review demonstrated that following COVID-19 infection, there is a rare possibility of contracting MOGAD. Moreover, there is no clear consensus on the susceptibility of MOGAD patients to severe COVID-19. However, obtaining deterministic results requires studies with a larger sample size.
髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白抗体相关疾病（MOGAD）是一种影响中枢神经系统（CNS）的罕见神经系统疾病。在当前的新冠疫情期间，包括多发性硬化症（MS）、视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍（NMOSD）、急性横贯性脊髓炎（ATM）和MOGAD在内的众多神经系统疾病已被报道出现在新冠病毒感染之后。另一方面，有观点认为MOGAD患者可能面临更大的感染风险（尤其是在当前的疫情中）。
在本系统评价中，我们基于病例报告/系列研究分别收集了1）新冠病毒感染后出现的MOGAD病例以及2）感染新冠病毒的MOGAD患者的临床病程。
从4个数据库中收集了329篇文章。这些文章的研究时间跨度从开始到2022年3月1日。
经过筛选，遵循排除标准后最终纳入了22项研究。在18项研究中，观察到新冠病毒感染与MOGAD症状发作之间的平均±标准差时间间隔为18.6±14.9天。在平均67天的随访中，症状部分或完全恢复。在关于MOGAD患者的4项研究中，住院率为25%，15%的患者入住重症监护病房（ICU）。
我们的系统评价表明，新冠病毒感染后，患MOGAD的可能性很小。此外，关于MOGAD患者对重症新冠病毒感染的易感性尚无明确共识。然而，要获得确定性结果需要进行更大样本量的研究。
