Jacobsen Wade C, Ragan Daniel T, Yang Mei, Nadel Emily L, Feinberg Mark E
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland, 2220H Samuel J. LeFrak Hall, College Park, MD 20742.
Department of Sociology, University of New Mexico.
J Res Crime Delinq. 2022 May;59(3):365-409. doi: 10.1177/00224278211048942. Epub 2021 Nov 5.
We examine the impacts of adolescent arrest on friendship networks. In particular, we extend labeling theory by testing hypotheses for three potential mechanisms of interpersonal exclusion related to the stigma of arrest: rejection, withdrawal, and homophily.
We use longitudinal data on 48 peer networks from PROSPER, a study of rural youth followed through middle and high school. We test our hypotheses using stochastic actor-based models.
Our findings suggest that arrested youth are less likely to receive friendship ties from school peers, and are also less likely to extend them. Moreover, these negative associations are attenuated by higher levels of risky behaviors among peers, suggesting that results are driven by exclusion from normative rather than non-normative friendships. We find evidence of homophily on arrest but it appears to be driven by other selection mechanisms rather than a direct preference for similarity on arrest.
Overall, our findings speak to how arrest may foster social exclusion in rural schools, thereby limiting social capital for already disadvantaged youth.
我们研究青少年被捕对友谊网络的影响。具体而言，我们通过检验与被捕污名相关的三种人际排斥潜在机制的假设来扩展标签理论：拒绝、回避和同质性。
我们使用了来自PROSPER的48个同伴网络的纵向数据，这是一项对农村青少年从初中到高中的跟踪研究。我们使用基于随机行为者的模型来检验我们的假设。
我们的研究结果表明，被捕的青少年从学校同龄人那里获得友谊关系的可能性较小，并且他们主动建立友谊关系的可能性也较小。此外，同伴中较高水平的危险行为会减弱这些负面关联，这表明结果是由被规范友谊排斥而非非规范友谊驱动的。我们发现了在被捕方面存在同质性的证据，但这似乎是由其他选择机制驱动的，而不是对被捕相似性的直接偏好。
总体而言，我们的研究结果说明了被捕如何可能在农村学校中促成社会排斥，从而限制了本就处于不利地位的青少年的社会资本。
