Imtiaz Khadija, Ahmed Moddassir, Annum Nazish, Tester Mark, Saeed Nasir A
Wheat Biotechnology Lab, Agriculture Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Constituent College Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Center for Desert Agriculture, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Mar 16;14:1127311. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1127311. eCollection 2023.
Globally, wheat is the major source of staple food, protein, and basic calories for most of the human population. Strategies must be adopted for sustainable wheat crop production to fill the ever-increasing food demand. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses involved in plant growth retardation and grain yield reduction. In plants, calcineurin-B-like proteins form a complicated network with the target kinase CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) in response to intracellular calcium signaling as a consequence of abiotic stresses. The gene has been identified in and found to be significantly upregulated under salinity stress. In this study, the gene was cloned in two different plant expression vectors, i.e., having a promoter and having a constitutive promoter transformed through the -mediated transformation protocol, in the local wheat cultivar . Based on their ability to tolerate different levels of salt stress (0, 50, 100, and 200 mM), the transgenic wheat lines , , and expressing under the promoter and , , and expressing the same gene under the promoter performed better at 100 mM of salinity stress as compared with the wild type. The overexpressing transgenic wheat lines were further investigated for their K retention ability in root tissues by utilizing the microelectrode ion flux estimation technique. It has been demonstrated that after 10 min of 100 mM NaCl application, more K ions were retained in the overexpressing transgenic wheat lines than in the wild type. Moreover, it could be concluded that functions as a positive elicitor in sequestering Na ions into the cell vacuole and retaining more cellular K under salt stress to maintain ionic homeostasis.
在全球范围内，小麦是大多数人类主食、蛋白质和基本热量的主要来源。必须采取策略来实现小麦作物的可持续生产，以满足不断增长的粮食需求。盐胁迫是导致植物生长迟缓及谷物减产的主要非生物胁迫之一。在植物中，类钙调神经磷酸酶B蛋白与靶激酶CBL互作蛋白激酶（CIPK）形成复杂网络，以响应非生物胁迫引起的细胞内钙信号传导。该基因已在[具体物种或研究对象]中被鉴定出来，并发现其在盐胁迫下显著上调。在本研究中，该基因被克隆到两种不同的植物表达载体中，即具有[启动子名称1]启动子的[载体名称1]和具有组成型启动子[启动子名称2]的[载体名称2]，通过农杆菌介导的转化方法导入当地小麦品种[小麦品种名称]。基于它们耐受不同盐胁迫水平（0、50、100和200 mM）的能力，在[启动子名称1]启动子下表达该基因的转基因小麦株系[株系名称1]、[株系名称2]和[株系名称3]，以及在[启动子名称2]启动子下表达相同基因的[株系名称4]、[株系名称5]和[株系名称6]，在100 mM盐胁迫下比野生型表现更好。利用微电极离子通量估算技术，进一步研究了过表达该基因的转基因小麦株系在根组织中保留钾离子的能力。结果表明，在施加100 mM NaCl 10分钟后，过表达该基因的转基因小麦株系比野生型保留了更多的钾离子。此外，可以得出结论，该基因在盐胁迫下作为一种正向诱导因子，将钠离子隔离到细胞液泡中，并保留更多的细胞内钾离子以维持离子稳态。
