Lawton B W, Stinson M R
J Acoust Soc Am. 1986 Apr;79(4):1003-9. doi: 10.1121/1.393372.
Standing wave patterns were measured in the unoccluded ear canals of 13 human subjects, for applied pure tones of 3 to 13 kHz. Measurements were made, using a probe microphone technique, over a region which could be approximated as a duct of constant cross-sectional area. Analysis of the patterns allowed the reflective properties of the middle ear to be determined in terms of an acoustic energy reflection coefficient, or reflectance, at the eardrum. Over all subjects the trend of the results was for the energy reflection coefficient to rise from about 0.3 at 4 kHz up to 0.8 at 8 kHz, and continue at this value to 13 kHz. There was, however, significant intersubject variation, especially at frequencies greater than 7 kHz.
在13名人类受试者的未堵塞耳道中，测量了3至13千赫兹纯音的驻波模式。使用探头麦克风技术，在一个可近似为恒定横截面积管道的区域进行测量。对这些模式的分析使得能够根据鼓膜处的声能反射系数（即反射率）来确定中耳的反射特性。在所有受试者中，结果的趋势是能量反射系数从4千赫兹时的约0.3上升到8千赫兹时的0.8，并在该值持续到13千赫兹。然而，受试者之间存在显著差异，尤其是在频率大于7千赫兹时。
