Tsou Brittany C, Liu T Y Alvin, Kong Jun, Bressler Susan B, Arevalo J Fernando, Brady Christopher J, Handa James T, Meyerle Catherine B, Scott Adrienne W, Wenick Adam S, Bressler Neil M
Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Vitreoretin Dis. 2021 Apr 26;5(5):389-395. doi: 10.1177/2474126421989228. eCollection 2021 Sep-Oct.
This work evaluated the use and type of dietary supplements and home monitoring for nonneovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD), as well as the prevalence of genetic testing among patients with AMD.
A cross-sectional study was conducted of 129 participants older than 50 years who completed self-administered questionnaires regarding usage and type of dietary supplements and home monitoring, as well as the participants' use of genetic testing for AMD.
Of 91 participants with AMD, 83 (91.2%) took vitamins, including 55 (60.4%) who used an Age-Related Eye Disease Study (AREDS) or AREDS2 formulation. Of 38 without AMD, 31 (81.6%) took vitamins (difference from participants with AMD = 9.6% [95% CI, 0%-23.2%]), including 2 on an AREDS formulation. Among 82 participants with AMD who were AREDS candidates (intermediate or advanced AMD in 1 or both eyes), 51 (62.2%; 95% CI, 51.7%-72.7%) took an AREDS or AREDS2 formulation, and 31 (37.8%) did not (5 were unsure). Additionally, 50 (61.0%; 95% CI, 50.4%-71.6%) AREDS candidates did some type of home monitoring. Only 1 (1.2%; 95% CI, 0%-3.6%) underwent genetic testing for AMD. Among 9 with AMD who were not AREDS candidates, 4 (44.4%) used an AREDS formulation, 4 (44.4%) did not, and 1 (11.1%) was unsure; only 1 (11.1%) of these 9 performed home monitoring.
Despite similar results from past surveys and AREDS2 data supporting supplement use in 2013 and home monitoring in 2014, these findings suggest about one-third of AREDS candidates do not do so, providing further support for improving education regarding appropriate supplement and home monitoring usage. Genetic testing for AMD also appears infrequent.
本研究评估了非新生血管性年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）患者膳食补充剂的使用情况、类型及家庭监测情况，以及AMD患者中基因检测的普及率。
对129名年龄超过50岁的参与者进行了一项横断面研究，这些参与者完成了关于膳食补充剂的使用情况、类型及家庭监测情况的自填问卷，以及他们对AMD进行基因检测的情况。
在91名AMD患者中，83名（91.2%）服用了维生素，其中55名（60.4%）使用了年龄相关性眼病研究（AREDS）或AREDS2配方。在38名非AMD患者中，31名（81.6%）服用了维生素（与AMD患者的差异为9.6%[95%CI，0%-23.2%]），其中2名使用了AREDS配方。在82名符合AREDS标准的AMD患者（一只或两只眼睛为中度或重度AMD）中，51名（62.2%；95%CI，51.7%-72.7%）服用了AREDS或AREDS2配方，31名（37.8%）未服用（5名不确定）。此外，50名（61.0%；95%CI，50.4%-71.6%）符合AREDS标准的患者进行了某种类型的家庭监测。只有1名（1.2%；95%CI，0%-3.6%）进行了AMD基因检测。在9名不符合AREDS标准的AMD患者中，4名（44.4%）使用了AREDS配方，4名（44.4%）未使用，1名（11.1%）不确定；这9名患者中只有1名（11.1%）进行了家庭监测。
尽管过去的调查结果以及2013年支持补充剂使用和2014年支持家庭监测的AREDS2数据相似，但这些发现表明约三分之一符合AREDS标准的患者未这样做，这为加强关于适当补充剂使用和家庭监测的教育提供了进一步支持。AMD基因检测似乎也不常见。
