Sun Zhe, Zhang Jiayun, Sun Ruitong, Zhang Meng, Zhong Qinqiu, Huang Minghao, Yan Xu, Li Jian
Department of Physical Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.
Sports School, Shenyang University, Shenyang, China.
Clin Oral Investig. 2023 Jul;27(7):3809-3816. doi: 10.1007/s00784-023-04998-0. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
The present study aimed to simulate the influence of palatal extensions for custom-made mouthguards (MGs) on protecting dentoalveolar structures and to provide a theoretical basis for designing a comfortable MG.
Based on finite element analysis (3D-FEA), five groups of maxillary dentoalveolar models of wearing MGs were established: no MG on palatal side (NP), on palatal gingival margin (G0), 2 mm from the palatal gingival margin (G2), 4 mm from the palatal gingival margin (G4), 6 mm from the palatal gingival margin (G6), and 8 mm from the palatal gingival margin (G8). A cuboid was created to simulate the solid ground impacted in falls, a gradually increasing force was applied from 0 to 500 N on the vertical ground, and the distribution and peak values of the Critical modified von-Mises stress, maximum principal stress, and displacement of dentoalveolar models were calculated.
Stress distribution range, stress, and deformation peak value of dentoalveolar models increased as the impact strength increased, at 500 N. Maximum critical modified von-Mises stress, peak maximum principal stress and maximum displacement of dentoalveolar models G4, G3, G2, G1, G0, and NP were 154.5 MPa, 154.5 MPa, 154.4 MPa, 154.7 MPa, 154.4 MPa, and 154.7 MPa; 191.65 MPa, 192.11 MPa, 191.62 MPa, 191.81 MPa, 191.56 MPa, and 191.62 MPa; and 88.78 μm, 88.57 μm, 88.19 μm, 88.67 μm, 88.43 μm, and 89.04 μ, respectively. However, the position of the MG palatal edge had little effect on stress distribution, stress, and deformation peak values of the dentoalveolar models.
Different extension ranges of the MG palatal edge have little effect on the protective effects of MGs on maxillary teeth and maxilla. An MG with palatal extension on the gingival margin is more appropriate than other models and may help dentists to design a suitable MG and increase its usage.
MGs with palatal extensions on the gingival margin may provide a more comfortable wearing experience for individuals involved in sports and encourage increased MG usage.
本研究旨在模拟定制护齿器（MGs）的腭部延伸对保护牙槽结构的影响，并为设计舒适的MG提供理论依据。
基于有限元分析（3D-FEA），建立了五组佩戴MGs的上颌牙槽模型：腭侧无MG（NP）、位于腭龈缘（G0）、距腭龈缘2mm（G2）、距腭龈缘4mm（G4）、距腭龈缘6mm（G6）和距腭龈缘8mm（G8）。创建一个长方体来模拟跌倒时撞击的坚实地面，在垂直地面上从0到500N施加逐渐增加的力，并计算牙槽模型的临界修正冯·米塞斯应力、最大主应力和位移的分布及峰值。
随着撞击强度增加，牙槽模型的应力分布范围、应力和变形峰值增大，在500N时，牙槽模型G4、G3、G2、G1、G0和NP的最大临界修正冯·米塞斯应力、最大主应力峰值和最大位移分别为154.5MPa、154.5MPa、154.4MPa、154.7MPa、154.4MPa和154.7MPa；191.65MPa、192.11MPa、191.62MPa、191.81MPa、191.56MPa和191.62MPa；以及88.78μm、88.57μm、88.19μm、88.67μm、88.43μm和89.04μm。然而，MG腭边缘的位置对牙槽模型的应力分布、应力和变形峰值影响较小。
MG腭边缘的不同延伸范围对MG对上颌牙齿和上颌骨的保护作用影响较小。腭龈缘有腭部延伸的MG比其他模型更合适，可能有助于牙医设计合适的MG并增加其使用。
腭龈缘有腭部延伸的MG可能为参与运动的个体提供更舒适的佩戴体验，并鼓励增加MG的使用。
