不同水平的绿茶（Camellia sinensis）和桑叶（Morus alba）粉对肉鸡生产性能、胴体特性、免疫反应和肠道形态的影响。
Effect of different levels of green tea (Camellia sinensis) and mulberry (Morus alba) leaves powder on performance, carcass characteristics, immune response and intestinal morphology of broiler chickens.
机构信息
Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Animal Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
出版信息
Vet Med Sci. 2023 May;9(3):1281-1291. doi: 10.1002/vms3.1133. Epub 2023 Apr 3.
BACKGROUND
In recent years, the use of medicinal plants as an alternative to antibiotics has expanded. Plants containing medicines and antioxidants can improve the performance of poultry.
OBJECTIVES
The purpose of this study was to achieve the appropriate levels of green tea leaf powder (GTP) and mulberry leaf powder (MLP) in the diet, which positively affects broilers' performance.
METHODS
648 one-day-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were allocated to nine dietary treatments with six replicates and each replicate containing 12 birds based on a completely randomised design (CRD) in a factorial arrangement of 3 × 3 with three levels of GTP, and three levels of MLP for 42 days. Treatments included: (1) no GTP + no MLP (control), (2) 1% GTP + no MLP, (3) 2% GTP + no MLP, (4) no GTP + 1% MLP, (5) 1% GTP + 1% MLP, (6) 2% GTP + 1% MLP, (7) no GTP + 2% MLP, (8) 1% GTP + 2% MLP and (9) 2% GTP + 2% MLP.
RESULTS
The results revealed that the effect of added powders (2%) was significant and increased daily weight gain (DWG) and reduced feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to the control group during the grower and whole phases (p < 0.05). On 35 days, the control and 2% GTP + 2% MLP treatment had the lowest and highest antibodies titre (total and immunoglobulin G [IgG]), respectively (p < 0.05). The groups fed with 1% GTP + 1% MLP showed higher villus height (VH) compared to the control, 2% GTP + 1% MLP, 1% GTP + 2% MLP, and 2% GTP + 2% MLP groups (p < 0.05). The ratio of the villus height to crypt depth (VH: CD) in treatments 1% GTP + no MLP, 2% GTP + no MLP and 1% GTP + 1% MLP was significantly higher than the control treatment (p < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
It was concluded that the addition of 2% GTP or MLP could improve humoral immune response and performance, and the addition of 1% GTP without MLP increased VH: CD in broilers.
背景
近年来，药用植物作为抗生素替代品的使用有所增加。含有药物和抗氧化剂的植物可以提高家禽的性能。
目的
本研究的目的是在日粮中达到适当水平的绿茶粉（GTP）和桑叶粉（MLP），这对肉鸡的性能有积极影响。
方法
将 648 只 1 日龄罗斯 308 肉鸡按完全随机设计（CRD）分为 9 个日粮处理，每个处理 6 个重复，每个重复 12 只鸡，进行 3×3 的因子设计，其中 GTP 有 3 个水平，MLP 有 3 个水平，试验期为 42 天。处理包括：（1）无 GTP+无 MLP（对照）、（2）1% GTP+无 MLP、（3）2% GTP+无 MLP、（4）无 GTP+1% MLP、（5）1% GTP+1% MLP、（6）2% GTP+1% MLP、（7）无 GTP+2% MLP、（8）1% GTP+2% MLP 和（9）2% GTP+2% MLP。
结果
结果表明，与对照组相比，添加物（2%）在生长期和整个阶段均显著提高了日增重（DWG）和降低了饲料转化率（FCR）（p<0.05）。在 35 天时，对照组和 2% GTP+2% MLP 组的抗体滴度（总抗体和免疫球蛋白 G [IgG]）最低和最高（p<0.05）。与对照组、2% GTP+1% MLP、1% GTP+2% MLP 和 2% GTP+2% MLP 组相比，1% GTP+1% MLP 组的绒毛高度（VH）更高（p<0.05）。处理 1% GTP+无 MLP、2% GTP+无 MLP 和 1% GTP+1% MLP 的绒毛高度与隐窝深度比（VH:CD）显著高于对照组（p<0.05）。
结论
结果表明，添加 2% GTP 或 MLP 可以提高体液免疫反应和性能，而添加 1% GTP 而不添加 MLP 可以增加肉鸡的 VH:CD。
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