Lin Sophia, Zimmerman Elise, Datta Suchismita, Selby Maurice, Chan Teresa, Fant Abra
Department of Emergency Medicine Weill Cornell Medicine New York New York USA.
Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics University of California at San Diego San Diego California USA.
AEM Educ Train. 2023 Apr 1;7(2):e10862. doi: 10.1002/aet2.10862. eCollection 2023 Apr.
Qualitative research explains observations, focusing on how and why phenomena and experiences occur. Qualitative methods go beyond quantitative data and provide critical information inaccessible through quantitative methods. However, at all levels of medical education, there is insufficient exposure to qualitative research. As a result, residents and fellows complete training ill-equipped to appraise and conduct qualitative studies. As a first step to increasing education in qualitative methods, we sought to create a curated collection of papers for faculty to use in teaching qualitative research at the graduate medical education (GME) level.
We conducted literature searches on the topic of teaching qualitative research to residents and fellows and queried virtual medical education and qualitative research communities for relevant articles. We searched the reference lists of all articles found through the literature searches and online queries for additional articles. We then conducted a three-round modified Delphi process to select papers most relevant to faculty teaching qualitative research.
We found no articles describing qualitative research curricula at the GME level. We identified 74 articles on the topic of qualitative research methods. The modified Delphi process identified the top nine articles or article series most relevant for faculty teaching qualitative research. Several articles explain qualitative methods in the context of medical education, clinical care, or emergency care research. Two articles describe standards of high-quality qualitative studies, and one article discusses how to conduct the individual qualitative interview to collect data for a qualitative study.
While we identified no articles reporting already existing qualitative research curricula for residents and fellows, we were able to create a collection of papers on qualitative research relevant to faculty seeking to teach qualitative methods. These papers describe key qualitative research concepts important in instructing trainees as they appraise and begin to develop their own qualitative studies.
定性研究用于解释观察结果，关注现象和经历如何以及为何发生。定性方法超越了定量数据，提供了定量方法无法获取的关键信息。然而，在医学教育的各个层面，对定性研究的接触都不足。因此，住院医师和研究员完成培训后，在评估和开展定性研究方面准备不足。作为增加定性方法教育的第一步，我们试图创建一个精心挑选的论文集，供教师在研究生医学教育（GME）层面教授定性研究时使用。
我们对向住院医师和研究员教授定性研究这一主题进行了文献检索，并向虚拟医学教育和定性研究社区查询相关文章。我们搜索了通过文献检索和在线查询找到的所有文章的参考文献列表，以获取更多文章。然后，我们进行了三轮改进的德尔菲法，以选择与教师教授定性研究最相关的论文。
我们未找到描述GME层面定性研究课程的文章。我们确定了74篇关于定性研究方法主题的文章。改进的德尔菲法确定了与教师教授定性研究最相关的前九篇文章或文章系列。几篇文章在医学教育、临床护理或急诊护理研究的背景下解释了定性方法。两篇文章描述了高质量定性研究的标准，一篇文章讨论了如何进行个人定性访谈以收集定性研究的数据。
虽然我们未找到报告已存在的针对住院医师和研究员的定性研究课程的文章，但我们能够创建一个与寻求教授定性方法的教师相关的定性研究论文集。这些论文描述了在指导学员评估并开始开展自己的定性研究时重要的关键定性研究概念。
