Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Brain and Mind Institute, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
Res Child Adolesc Psychopathol. 2023 Jul;51(7):1005-1019. doi: 10.1007/s10802-023-01058-9. Epub 2023 Apr 4.
This review aimed to explore the current understanding of sensory gating in neurodevelopmental disorders as a possible transdiagnostic mechanism. We applied methods according to the Joanna Briggs Institute Manual for Evidence Synthesis, following the population, concept, and context scoping review eligibility criteria. Using a comprehensive search strategy in five relevant research databases (Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsychInfo, and Scopus), we searched for relevant peer-reviewed, primary research articles and unpublished data. Two independent reviewers screened the titles and abstracts, full-texts, and completed data extraction. We identified a total of 81 relevant articles and used descriptive analyses to summarize the characteristics and outcomes of all identified studies. Literature regarding sensory gating was most common in autistic populations with relatively fewer studies examining attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, tic disorders, and childhood-onset fluency disorder (COFD). The methods to assess sensory gating varied widely both within and between groups and included measures such as habituation, prepulse inhibition, affect-modulated inhibition, medication and other intervention trials. Most consistently, when participants complete questionnaires about their sensory experiences, those who have neurodevelopmental disorders report differences in their sensory gating. Affect-modulated inhibition appears to be discrepant between samples with and without neurodevelopmental disorder diagnoses. Habituation was the most commonly reported phenomenon and many differences in habituation have been found in autistic individuals and individuals with tic disorders whereas concerns with inhibition seemed more common in COFD. Overall, the evidence is inconsistent within and between disorders suggesting there is still much to learn about sensory gating in neurodevelopmental disorders.
本综述旨在探讨感觉门控在神经发育障碍中的现有理解，作为一种可能的跨诊断机制。我们根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所证据综合手册的方法进行研究，遵循人口、概念和背景范围审查资格标准。使用五个相关研究数据库（Medline、EMBASE、CINAHL、PsychInfo 和 Scopus）中的综合搜索策略，我们搜索了相关的同行评审、原始研究文章和未发表的数据。两名独立的审查员筛选标题和摘要、全文并完成数据提取。我们共确定了 81 篇相关文章，并使用描述性分析总结了所有已确定研究的特征和结果。关于感觉门控的文献在自闭症人群中最为常见，而研究注意力缺陷/多动障碍、抽动障碍和儿童期起病流畅性障碍（COFD）的文献相对较少。评估感觉门控的方法在组内和组间差异很大，包括习惯化、预备脉冲抑制、情感调节抑制、药物和其他干预试验等措施。大多数情况下，当参与者完成关于其感觉体验的问卷时，患有神经发育障碍的人会报告其感觉门控存在差异。情感调节抑制在有或没有神经发育障碍诊断的样本之间似乎存在差异。习惯化是最常报道的现象，在自闭症个体和抽动障碍个体中发现了许多习惯化差异，而在 COFD 中，抑制问题似乎更为常见。总体而言，不同疾病内和疾病间的证据不一致，这表明我们仍然需要了解更多关于神经发育障碍中的感觉门控。
