Cooper Steven H
J Am Psychoanal Assoc. 2023 Feb;71(1):61-82. doi: 10.1177/00030651231155611.
Playing is a form of responsiveness that involves a shift from more formal interpretation about defense, unconscious fantasy, or transference to one that employs humor or irony regarding the content of fantasy or poses a more direct confrontation between internal fantasy and external reality. Playing is differentiated from more formal interpretation by the analytic couple's intensity of affective expression, the idiomatic language used to express affect or ideas, or the analyst's more personally revealing reaction to the patient's recruitment of him as an internal object. Two clinical vignettes show how play emphasizes experiences of loss and waste that have been enacted in the patient's life and often in transference-countertransference engagement. Through newly discovered forms of play, these processes are occurring now in real time between patient and analyst and less through frozen memorialization of what never was.
玩耍是一种反应形式，它涉及从对防御、无意识幻想或移情的更正式解释，转变为对幻想内容采用幽默或讽刺的方式，或者在内部幻想与外部现实之间进行更直接的对抗。玩耍与更正式的解释的区别在于分析双方情感表达的强度、用于表达情感或想法的习语，或者分析师对患者将其招募为内部对象的更个人化的揭示性反应。两个临床案例展示了玩耍如何强调在患者生活中以及经常在移情 - 反移情互动中所表现出的失落和浪费的经历。通过新发现的玩耍形式，这些过程现在在患者和分析师之间实时发生，而较少通过对从未存在过的事物的凝固纪念。
