Graduate School of Bioresource Sciences, Akita Prefectural University, Akita, Japan.
Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Akita City Hospital, Akita, Japan.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 5;18(4):e0283855. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283855. eCollection 2023.
Classes of lipoproteins solubilize lipids in the blood, and their profiles are important for preventing atherosclerotic diseases. These can be identified by gel filtration HPLC, which has been analyzed in a manner that yields the same values as the de facto standard method, i.e., ultracentrifugation; however, previous studies have found that ultracentrifugation and its simplified alternatives, enzymatic methods, yield incorrect values. Here HPLC data of stroke patients and the controls were compared using data-driven analyses, without consideration for ultracentrifugation. The data well-separated patients from controls. In many patients, the level of HDL1 (a cholesterol scavenger) was low. The TG/cholesterol ratio of chylomicrons was found to be low in patients and high in the healthy elderly; the lower level may indicate a larger intake of animal fats. High levels of free glycerol in the elderly were hazardous, suggesting more dependence on lipids as an energy source. Statins had minimal effect on these factors. LDL cholesterol, the commonly-used risk indicator, was not a risk factor actually. Enzymatic methods failed to separate the patients from the control; hence, the existing guidelines for screening methods and medical treatment need to be revised. As an immediate step, glycerol would be an adaptable indicator.
脂蛋白的种类可将血液中的脂质溶解，其图谱对于预防动脉粥样硬化疾病非常重要。这些可以通过凝胶过滤 HPLC 来识别，其分析方式与事实上的标准方法（即超速离心）得出相同的值；然而，先前的研究发现，超速离心及其简化的替代方法，即酶法，会得出不正确的值。在这里，使用无超离心考虑的数据驱动分析方法，对中风患者和对照组的 HPLC 数据进行了比较。数据将患者与对照组很好地区分开来。在许多患者中，HDL1（胆固醇清除剂）的水平较低。乳糜微粒的 TG/胆固醇比值在患者中较低，在健康老年人中较高；较低的水平可能表明动物脂肪的摄入量较大。老年人血液中高水平的游离甘油是危险的，这表明更多地依赖脂质作为能量来源。他汀类药物对这些因素的影响很小。通常用作风险指标的 LDL 胆固醇实际上并不是一个风险因素。酶法未能将患者与对照组区分开来；因此，现有的筛选方法和治疗指南需要修订。作为一个直接的步骤，甘油将是一个适应性的指标。
