Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Lviv, Ukraine.
Drohobych Ivan Franko State Pedagogical University, Drohobych, Ukraine.
Mikrochim Acta. 2023 Apr 5;190(5):174. doi: 10.1007/s00604-023-05753-8.
Nanomaterials possessing artificial, enzyme-like catalytic activity (nanozymes, NZs) have a great potential for application in research, immunological assays, biosensors, in vivo imaging, and as therapeutic agents. Despite the obvious advances in construction and understanding of functional properties of NZs, there is still no clear evidence of whether they can complement the loss of corresponding enzymatic activity in vivo. Herein, we report the first, to the best to our knowledge, example of successful substitution of natural enzyme activity by catalase-like platinum (nPt) and platinum-gold (nPtAu) nanoparticles transferred to the cells of methylotrophic yeast Ogataea polymorpha. The nPt NZs were synthesized by the chemical reduction method and used as a seed to produce the nPt(core)Au(shell) particles. The produced nPt NZs were 68.1 and 91.3 nm in size, while the hydrids were of 531.2 and 615.1 nm. Both nPt and nPtAu demonstrated catalase activity in vitro. The catalase-deficient strain Ogataea polymorpha C-105 was shown to be able to grow on methanol and a mixture of glucose and methanol in the presence although not in the absence of NZs, this correlating with the decrease in intracellular hydrogen peroxide production. The results provide the first example of complementation of the natural enzyme function by synthetic NZs, the phenomenon which can further be used in a screening for new catalase-like nanozymes and as a fruitful tool to modify living cells by nanoparticles possessing catalytic activity and to use such modified cells as sensitive elements in cell-based biosensors.
具有人工酶催化活性的纳米材料（纳米酶，NZs）在研究、免疫测定、生物传感器、体内成像和治疗剂方面具有巨大的应用潜力。尽管在构建和理解 NZs 的功能特性方面取得了明显的进展，但仍没有明确的证据表明它们是否可以补充体内相应酶活性的丧失。在此，我们首次报道了（据我们所知）成功的例子，即将过氧化物酶样铂（nPt）和铂金（nPtAu）纳米颗粒的细胞酶活性替代天然酶活性，转移到甲醇营养酵母 Ogataea polymorpha 的细胞中。nPt NZs 是通过化学还原法合成的，并用作生产 nPt（核）Au（壳）颗粒的种子。所产生的 nPt NZs 的尺寸分别为 68.1 和 91.3nm，而混合物的尺寸分别为 531.2 和 615.1nm。nPt 和 nPtAu 在体外均表现出过氧化物酶活性。尽管在没有 NZs 的情况下，过氧化物酶缺陷型 Ogataea polymorpha C-105 菌株不能在甲醇和葡萄糖和甲醇混合物上生长，但在存在 NZs 的情况下，它能够生长，这与细胞内过氧化氢产生量的减少有关。结果提供了第一个通过合成 NZs 补充天然酶功能的例子，这种现象可以进一步用于筛选新的过氧化物酶样纳米酶，并作为一种有成效的工具，通过具有催化活性的纳米颗粒修饰活细胞，并将此类修饰细胞用作基于细胞的生物传感器中的敏感元件。
