Institute of Education, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Institute of Education, Massey University, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
Child Abuse Negl. 2023 Jun;140:106152. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106152. Epub 2023 Apr 5.
Child sexual abuse (CSA) can have detrimental, long-lasting consequences but effects are diverse, and resilience, or attainment of better-than-expected outcomes, is possible.
This systematic review synthesises qualitative research findings about lived experiences of resilience processes used by women who had been subjected to CSA.
A comprehensive search was undertaken of major and minor article databases (e.g., PsychInfo, Medline, CINAHL, Web of Science, Scopus) and Google Scholar, with hand searching of reference lists and forward searching of retrieved articles. Eight studies met the inclusion criteria (peer-reviewed qualitative or mixed methods studies written in English about experiences of resilience by women who had experienced CSA). Data extraction, quality appraisal, and thematic analysis were performed.
Thematic analysis generated several process-related resilience themes: distancing oneself from sexual abuse; building healthy interpersonal, community, and cultural connections; drawing on spiritual belief systems; reframing the sexual abuse; placing blame with the perpetrator; reclaiming self-worth; taking control of one's life; and pursuing meaningful goals. For some, it involved forgiveness of self and others, reclaiming one's sexuality, and/or fighting against diverse forms of oppression. There was much evidence that resilience was a dynamic, personal and social-ecological phenomenon.
Counsellors and other professionals can use these findings to help women affected by CSA explore, develop, and strengthen factors that support resilience. Future research could explore the experiences of resilience for women with different cultural backgrounds, socioeconomic status, religious and/or spiritual affiliations.
儿童性虐待（CSA）可能会产生有害且持久的后果，但影响是多种多样的，并且有可能出现韧性，即获得比预期更好的结果。
本系统综述综合了定性研究结果，这些结果涉及经历过 CSA 的女性使用的韧性过程。
全面搜索了主要和次要文章数据库（例如 PsychInfo、Medline、CINAHL、Web of Science、Scopus）和 Google Scholar，并对手头参考列表和检索文章的前瞻性搜索进行了搜索。符合纳入标准的有八项研究（同行评议的定性或混合方法研究，以经历过 CSA 的女性的韧性经验为主题，用英文撰写）。进行了数据提取、质量评估和主题分析。
主题分析产生了几个与过程相关的韧性主题：与性虐待保持距离；建立健康的人际关系、社区和文化联系；利用精神信仰体系；重新定义性虐待；将责任归咎于施害者；重新获得自我价值；掌控自己的生活；追求有意义的目标。对一些人来说，这涉及到自我和他人的宽恕、重新获得自己的性、以及/或者与各种形式的压迫作斗争。有大量证据表明，韧性是一种动态的、个人的和社会生态现象。
咨询师和其他专业人员可以利用这些发现帮助受 CSA 影响的女性探索、发展和加强支持韧性的因素。未来的研究可以探索具有不同文化背景、社会经济地位、宗教和/或精神信仰的女性的韧性经验。
