Ranalli Chris, Lagewaard Thirza
Department of Philosophy Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Amsterdam The Netherlands.
Philos Compass. 2022 Dec;17(12):e12887. doi: 10.1111/phc3.12887. Epub 2022 Oct 26.
What is the epistemological significance of deep disagreement? Part I explored the nature of deep disagreement, while Part II considers its epistemological significance. It focuses on two core problems: the incommensurability and the rational resolvability problems. We critically survey key responses to these challenges, before raising worries for a variety of responses to them, including skeptical, relativist, and absolutist responses to the incommensurability problem, and to certain steadfast and conciliatory responses to the rational resolvability problem. We then pivot to the ethical and political dimensions of deep disagreement. We focus on whether an unwillingness to engage with positions one considers to be immoral or repugnant might be good, and conclude with some reflections on the moral risks of engagement.
深度分歧的认识论意义是什么？第一部分探讨了深度分歧的本质，而第二部分则考虑其认识论意义。它聚焦于两个核心问题：不可通约性问题和理性可解决性问题。在对针对这些挑战的各种回应提出担忧之前，我们批判性地审视了对这些挑战的关键回应，包括对不可通约性问题的怀疑论、相对主义和绝对主义回应，以及对理性可解决性问题的某些坚定和调和回应。然后，我们转向深度分歧的伦理和政治维度。我们关注不愿意参与那些自己认为不道德或令人厌恶的立场是否可能是有益的，并以对参与的道德风险的一些思考作为结论。
