Evangelische Hochschule Berlin, Department of Midwifery Sciences, Teltower Damm 118-122, 14167 Berlin, Germany.
School of Community Health & Midwifery, University of Central Lancashire, Preston PR1 2HE, Germany.
Women Birth. 2023 Sep;36(5):e481-e494. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2023.03.010. Epub 2023 Apr 8.
When midwives offer birth assistance at home birth and free-standing birth centres, they must adapt their skill set. Currently, there are no comprehensive insights on the skills and knowledge that midwives need to work in those settings.
Midwifery care at home birth and in free-standing birth centres requires context specific skills, including the ability to offer low-intervention care for women who choose physiological birth in these settings.
To synthesise existing qualitative research that describes the skills and knowledge of certified midwives at home births and free-standing birth centres.
We conducted a systematic review that included searches on 5 databases, author runs, citation tracking, journal searches, and reference checking. Meta-ethnographic techniques of reciprocal translation were used to interpret the data set, and a line of argument synthesis was developed.
The search identified 13 papers, twelve papers from seven countries, and one paper that included five Nordic countries. Three overarching themes and seven sub-themes were developed: 'Building trustworthy connections,' 'Midwife as instrument,' and 'Creating an environment conducive to birth.'
The findings highlight that midwives integrated their sensorial experiences with their clinical knowledge of anatomy and physiology to care for women at home birth and in free-standing birth centres. The interactive relationship between midwives and women is at the core of creating an environment that supports physiological birth while integrating the lived experience of labouring women. Further research is needed to elicit how midwives develop these proficiencies.
当助产士在家庭分娩和独立分娩中心提供分娩协助时，他们必须调整自己的技能组合。目前，对于助产士在这些环境中工作所需的技能和知识，还没有全面的了解。
家庭分娩和独立分娩中心的助产护理需要特定于背景的技能，包括为选择在这些环境中进行生理性分娩的妇女提供低干预护理的能力。
综合现有的定性研究，描述在家庭分娩和独立分娩中心工作的注册助产士的技能和知识。
我们进行了一项系统综述，包括在 5 个数据库上进行搜索、作者检索、引文追踪、期刊搜索和参考文献检查。采用相互翻译的元民族学技术来解释数据集，并发展出一种论证综合的方法。
搜索确定了 13 篇论文，其中 12 篇来自 7 个国家，1 篇来自包括 5 个北欧国家的论文。确定了三个总体主题和七个子主题：“建立可信赖的联系”、“助产士作为工具”和“创造有利于分娩的环境”。
研究结果表明，助产士将他们的感官体验与解剖学和生理学的临床知识相结合，为家庭分娩和独立分娩中心的妇女提供护理。助产士和妇女之间的互动关系是创造支持生理性分娩的环境的核心，同时整合了产妇的生活体验。需要进一步研究如何培养助产士的这些能力。
