Centro de Investigación en Nutrición Humana, Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
Escuela de Nutrición, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina.
Obes Rev. 2023 Jun;24(6):e13564. doi: 10.1111/obr.13564. Epub 2023 Apr 11.
The present study aimed to investigate the evidence on the effects of different long-term training interventions (aerobic [AeT], resistance [RT], and combined [COMB]) and spontaneous physical activity (PA) in modifying cytokines and adipokines in individuals with overweight or obesity with or without cardiometabolic diseases while considering potential confounders. Although exercise interventions have become a potentially effective tool for preventing and treating metabolic diseases, the evidence provided by previous systematic reviews is inconclusive since several potential confounders have yet to be addressed. Therefore, we conducted a systematic literature search in Medline, Cochrane, and Embase databases from January 2000 to July 2022 and performed a meta-analysis. Inclusion criteria retrieved 106 full texts comprising 8,642 individuals with a range BMI of 25.1-43.8 kg m . We found that independently of the training mode, exercise had a beneficial effect on diminishing Adiponectin, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-6, IL-18, IL-20, Leptin, sICAM, and TNF-α levels circulating levels. Furthermore, by subsequent analysis, we detected differential effects of AeT, RT, and COMB, with sex, age, body composition, and trial length acting as moderators. The comparison of training modes revealed a difference favoring COMB over AeT for regulating the increase in CRP with no differences in the remaining biomarkers. Meta-regression analysis revealed an effect of change in maximal oxygen uptake (VO ) on CRP, IL-6, and TNF-α, while IL-10 was influenced by the change in body fat. The results suggest that all interventions, except PA, are effective in lessening this population's inflammatory status, provided that exercise results in an increase of VO .
本研究旨在探讨不同长期训练干预（有氧训练[ AeT ]、抗阻训练[ RT ]和联合训练[ COMB ]）和自发性体力活动（ PA ）对超重或肥胖个体的细胞因子和脂肪因子的影响，这些个体患有或不患有心血管代谢疾病，并考虑潜在的混杂因素。尽管运动干预已成为预防和治疗代谢疾病的一种潜在有效手段，但由于尚未解决一些潜在的混杂因素，之前系统评价提供的证据仍不确定。因此，我们在 Medline 、 Cochrane 和 Embase 数据库中进行了系统的文献检索，检索时间为 2000 年 1 月至 2022 年 7 月，并进行了荟萃分析。纳入标准共检索到 106 篇全文，包含 8642 名 BMI 为 25.1-43.8kg/m 的个体。我们发现，无论训练模式如何，运动对降低循环中的脂联素、C 反应蛋白（ CRP ）、IL-6 、IL-18 、IL-20 、瘦素、可溶性细胞间黏附分子（ sICAM ）和肿瘤坏死因子-α（ TNF-α）水平均有有益作用。此外，通过后续分析，我们检测到 AeT 、 RT 和 COMB 的不同效果，性别、年龄、身体成分和试验长度作为调节因素。训练模式的比较显示，COMB 比 AeT 更有利于调节 CRP 的增加，而在其余生物标志物方面没有差异。元回归分析显示，最大摄氧量（ VO ）的变化对 CRP 、IL-6 和 TNF-α有影响，而 IL-10 则受体脂肪变化的影响。结果表明，除 PA 外，所有干预措施都能有效减轻该人群的炎症状态，前提是运动能增加 VO 。
