急性和慢性运动对老年人TH1/TH2细胞免疫标志物的影响：一项系统综述
The effects of acute and chronic exercise on immune markers of TH1/TH2 cells in older adults: a systematic review.
作者信息
Teodoro Thiago Henrique, Costa Katerine Palharini Manfrin, Prestes Jonato, Campanholi José, Navalta James, Pereira Guilherme Borges
机构信息
Laboratory of Clinical Exercise Physiology, Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, Brazil.
Graduation Program on Physical Education, Catholic University of Brasilia, Brasília, Brazil.
出版信息
Front Physiol. 2025 Feb 11;16:1453747. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2025.1453747. eCollection 2025.
PURPOSE
Imbalance between Th1 and Th2 cells correlated with increased disease incidence, is well-documented in the older adult. Both acute and chronic exercise induce a transient shift in organic homeostasis, modulating the immune system and impacting the balance between Th1 and Th2 cells. This review investigates the impact of acute and chronic exercise on immune markers of Th1 and Th2 cells in the older adults.
METHODS
This study was conducted as a systematic review, following PRISMA guidelines, databases including PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Science Direct, and Scopus were searched until March 2024, identifying randomized controlled trials and prospective observational studies that examined the effects of acute and chronic exercise on intracellular and surface markers, cytokines, and immunoglobulins in older adults. Studies involving animal subjects, isolated cells, diseased patients, or exposure to medications and drugs were excluded. The quality of the selected studies was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias tool (ROB2), with data organized and presented in tables and figures.
RESULTS
Fourteen studies with 525 participants were included in the analysis. An acute session significantly increased serum IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 levels immediately afterward, returning to baseline within 1 hour at moderate to high intensities. Chronic exercise at moderate to high intensities reduced serum TNF-α, IL-6, and the CD4/CD8 ratio, while increasing IL-10 levels after 24 weeks. Intracellular, other surface markers and cytokines, and immunoglobulins were not analyzed.
CONCLUSION
Chronic exercise decreases serum TNF-α and IL-6 levels, lowers the CD4/CD8 ratio, and increases IL-10 after 24 weeks, aiding Th1 and Th2 balance. Acute exercise temporarily increases serum IL-4, IL-6, and IL-10 levels, returning to baseline within an hour, indicating short-term immune modulation of Th1/Th2 balance.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021244426, Identifier CRD42021244426.
目的
Th1和Th2细胞之间的失衡与疾病发病率增加相关，这在老年人中已有充分记录。急性和慢性运动都会引起机体稳态的短暂变化，调节免疫系统并影响Th1和Th2细胞之间的平衡。本综述研究了急性和慢性运动对老年人Th1和Th2细胞免疫标志物的影响。
方法
本研究按照PRISMA指南进行系统综述，检索了包括PubMed、科学网、Embase、Science Direct和Scopus在内的数据库，直至2024年3月，确定了随机对照试验和前瞻性观察性研究，这些研究考察了急性和慢性运动对老年人细胞内和表面标志物、细胞因子及免疫球蛋白的影响。排除涉及动物受试者、分离细胞、患病患者或接触药物和毒品的研究。使用Cochrane偏倚风险工具（ROB2）评估所选研究的质量，并将数据整理成表格和图表呈现。
结果
分析纳入了14项研究，共525名参与者。一次急性运动后血清白细胞介素-4（IL-4）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和白细胞介素-10（IL-10）水平立即显著升高，在中高强度运动后1小时内恢复至基线水平。中高强度的慢性运动可降低血清肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、IL-6水平以及CD4/CD8比值，而在24周后可提高IL-10水平。未对细胞内、其他表面标志物和细胞因子以及免疫球蛋白进行分析。
结论
慢性运动可降低血清TNF-α和IL-6水平，降低CD4/CD8比值，并在24周后提高IL-10水平，有助于Th1和Th2平衡。急性运动可使血清IL-4、IL-6和IL-10水平暂时升高，并在1小时内恢复至基线水平，表明对Th1/Th2平衡有短期免疫调节作用。
系统综述注册
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021244426，标识符CRD42021244426 。
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