Department of Endocrinology, Aviation General Hospital, Beijing 100012, China.
Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China.
J Diabetes Res. 2024 Oct 22;2024:9683512. doi: 10.1155/2024/9683512. eCollection 2024.
Obesity is a predisposing risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Actually, not only obese/overweight but also nonobese/lean individuals may be prone to T2DM. This study is aimed at identifying the contribution of adipose tissue to the development of nonobese diabetes (NOD) and obese diabetes (OD). Serum samples from the nonobese nondiabetes (NOND, = 47, age = 46.8 ± 8.4, BMI ≤ 23.9 kg/m) controls, NOD ( = 48, age = 50.7 ± 6.5, BMI ≤ 23.9 kg/m) and OD (n = 65, = 49.8 ± 10.2, BMI ≥ 28 kg/m) patients were utilized to measure the expression of metabolic indicators, adipocytokines, inflammatory factors. Different adipose depots from offspring with corresponding blood glucose and obesity levels of a spontaneously diabetic gerbil line with various degrees of diabetic penetrance and body weights were examined for adipocytokines and inflammation factors detected by ELISA and western blot. Adipose tissue volume and fat cell size of the gerbils were evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging and immunohistochemistry, respectively. The study yielded four key findings. Firstly, in comparison to the NOD group, the OD group exhibited more severe insulin resistance (IR) and metabolic dysfunction in both patients and gerbils, attributed to higher visceral adipose tissue mass and larger fat cell sizes. Secondly, in gerbils, gonadal fat deposition was linked to obesity development, whereas kidney fat deposition correlated with obesity and diabetes occurrence. Thirdly, in both patients and gerbils, the interplay between adiponectin and leptin levels in serum may significantly influence the development of obesity and diabetes. Lastly, heightened expression of MCP3 in gerbils' kidney adipose tissue may serve as a pivotal factor in initiating obesity-associated diabetes. Our study, which may be considered a pilot investigation, suggests that the interaction of adipocytokines and inflammation factors in different adipose depots could play diverse roles in the development of diabetes or obesity.
肥胖是 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）的一个易患风险因素。实际上，不仅肥胖/超重人群，非肥胖/瘦人群体也可能易患 T2DM。本研究旨在确定脂肪组织对非肥胖型糖尿病（NOD）和肥胖型糖尿病（OD）发展的贡献。
非肥胖非糖尿病（NOND，n = 47，年龄 = 46.8 ± 8.4，BMI ≤ 23.9kg/m）对照组、NOD（n = 48，年龄 = 50.7 ± 6.5，BMI ≤ 23.9kg/m）和 OD（n = 65，年龄 = 49.8 ± 10.2，BMI ≥ 28kg/m）患者的血清样本用于测量代谢指标、脂肪细胞因子和炎症因子的表达。使用酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）和蛋白质印迹法检测来自具有不同糖尿病渗透率和体重的自发性糖尿病沙鼠系后代具有相应血糖和肥胖水平的不同脂肪组织中的脂肪细胞因子和炎症因子。通过磁共振成像和免疫组织化学分别评估沙鼠的脂肪组织体积和脂肪细胞大小。
该研究得出了四项关键发现。首先，与 NOD 组相比，OD 组在患者和沙鼠中均表现出更严重的胰岛素抵抗（IR）和代谢功能障碍，这归因于更高的内脏脂肪组织质量和更大的脂肪细胞大小。其次，在沙鼠中，性腺脂肪沉积与肥胖的发展有关，而肾脏脂肪沉积与肥胖和糖尿病的发生有关。第三，在患者和沙鼠中，血清中脂联素和瘦素水平的相互作用可能会显著影响肥胖和糖尿病的发展。最后，沙鼠肾脏脂肪组织中 MCP3 的高表达可能是引发肥胖相关糖尿病的关键因素。
我们的研究，可被视为一项初步研究，表明不同脂肪组织中脂肪细胞因子和炎症因子的相互作用可能在糖尿病或肥胖的发展中发挥不同的作用。
