摩洛哥女性移民中的性与生殖健康及基于性别的暴力：一项横断面调查。

Sexual and reproductive health and gender-based violence among female migrants in Morocco: a cross sectional survey.

机构信息

International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Health Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco. Boulevard Mohammed Taïeb Naciri, Commune Hay Hassani Casablanca, Casablanca, 82403, Morocco.

Higher Institute of Nursing Professions and Technical Health, Rabat, Morocco.

出版信息

BMC Womens Health. 2023 Apr 11;23(1):174. doi: 10.1186/s12905-023-02307-1.

DOI:10.1186/s12905-023-02307-1

PMID:37041501

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10091612/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Over the past decade, Morocco has increasingly become the chosen destination for a growing number of migrants from neighbouring countries and especially from Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study is to describe the sexual and reproductive health (SRH), as well as sexual and gender-based violence (SGBV) among female migrants in Morocco.

METHODS

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between July and December 2021. Female migrants were recruited from one university maternity hospital and two primary healthcare centres in Rabat. Data were collected using a structured face-to-face questionnaire, which included information about sociodemographic characteristics, SRH, history of SGBV and its impact, as well as the utilization of preventive and supportive SGBV services.

RESULTS

A total of 151 participants were included in this study. The majority of participants (60.9%) were aged 18 to 34 years old and 83.3% were single. Many participants (62.1%) did not use contraceptives. More than half (56%) of the participants who were pregnant at the time of the study were receiving pre-natal care. About 29.9% of interviewed participants reported experiencing female genital mutilation, and a significant majority (87.4%) experienced SGBV at least once during their lifetimes, while 76.2% experienced SGBV during migration. The most commonly reported form of violence was verbal abuse (75.8%). Among the victims of SGBV, a minority have visited a health facility (7%) or filed a complaint (9%) in the aftermath of violence.

CONCLUSION

Overall, our findings showed low contraception coverage, moderate access to prenatal care, high prevalence of SGBV, and low utilization of preventive and supportive SGBV services among migrant women in Morocco. Further studies are needed to understand the contextual barriers to access, and utilization of SRH care and additional efforts should be undertaken to strengthen SGBV prevention and support systems.

摘要

背景

在过去十年中，摩洛哥越来越成为来自邻国，尤其是撒哈拉以南非洲国家的移民的首选目的地。本研究旨在描述摩洛哥女性移民的性健康和生殖健康（SRH）以及性暴力和基于性别的暴力（SGBV）情况。

方法

这是一项描述性的横断面研究，于 2021 年 7 月至 12 月进行。从拉巴特的一所大学妇产医院和两家初级保健中心招募了女性移民。数据收集使用结构化的面对面问卷，其中包括社会人口特征、SRH、SGBV 史及其影响以及预防性和支持性 SGBV 服务的利用情况。

结果

共有 151 名参与者参加了这项研究。大多数参与者（60.9%）年龄在 18 至 34 岁之间，83.3%是单身。许多参与者（62.1%）没有使用避孕药具。研究时怀孕的参与者中有一半以上（56%）正在接受产前保健。约 29.9%接受访谈的参与者报告曾遭受过女性生殖器切割，绝大多数（87.4%）在一生中至少经历过一次 SGBV，而 76.2%在移民期间经历过 SGBV。最常见的暴力形式是言语虐待（75.8%）。在遭受 SGBV 的受害者中，只有少数人（7%）在暴力发生后曾访问过卫生机构或提出过投诉（9%）。