低砷地区2岁儿童的产前砷暴露、砷代谢与神经认知发育

Prenatal arsenic exposure, arsenic metabolism and neurocognitive development of 2-year-old children in low-arsenic areas.

作者信息

Chen Huan, Zhang Hongling, Wang Xin, Wu Yi, Zhang Yiqiong, Chen Silan, Zhang Wenxin, Sun Xiaojie, Zheng Tongzhang, Xia Wei, Xu Shunqing, Li Yuanyuan

机构信息

Key Laboratory of Environment and Health, Ministry of Education & Ministry of Environmental Protection, and State Key Laboratory of Environmental Health (Incubation), School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, PR China.

Wuchang University of Technology, Wuhan 430023, PR China.

出版信息

Environ Int. 2023 Apr;174:107918. doi: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.107918. Epub 2023 Apr 5.

DOI:10.1016/j.envint.2023.107918

PMID:37043832

Abstract

BACKGROUND

There is limited evidence on the effects of arsenic species and metabolic capacity on child neurodevelopment, particularly at low levels. Further, little is known about the critical window of exposure.

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the associations of arsenic exposure and arsenic metabolism in different pregnancy periods with neurodevelopment of two-year-old children.

METHODS

Concentrations of arsenobetaine (AsB), arsenite, arsenate, monomethyl arsenic acid (MMA), and dimethyl arsenic acid (DMA) in urine samples collected in three trimesters from 1006 mothers were measured using HPLC - ICPMS. Inorganic arsenic (iAs) was calculated as the sum of arsenite and arsenate. Total arsenic (tAs) was calculated as the sum of iAs, MMA and DMA. Child neurodevelopment was assessed with the Bayley Scales of Infant Development.

RESULTS

The geometric mean (GM) of SG-adjusted tAs in the first, second, third trimester was 16.37, 12.94, 13.04 μg/L, respectively. The mental development index (MDI) score was inversely associated with iAs and tAs. Compared to the 1st quartile, the MDI score decreased 0.43 (95%CI: -4.22, 3.36) for the 2nd, 6.50 (95%CI: -11.73, -1.27) for the 3rd, 5.42 (95%CI: -10.74, -0.10) for the 4th quartiles of iAs, and decreased 4.03 (95%CI: -7.90, -0.15) in the 4th quartile of tAs. In trimester-specific models, negative associations of DMA [-1.94 (95%CI: -3.18, -0.71)] and tAs [-1.61 (95%CI: -3.02, -0.20)] with the psychomotor development index (PDI) were only observed in 1st trimester.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study found inverse associations between prenatal arsenic exposure, especially in early pregnancy, and neurodevelopment of children at two years old, even at low exposure levels.

摘要

背景

关于砷形态和代谢能力对儿童神经发育的影响，尤其是低水平暴露时的影响，证据有限。此外，对于关键暴露窗口期知之甚少。

目的

评估不同孕期砷暴露及砷代谢与两岁儿童神经发育之间的关联。

方法

采用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定了1006名母亲在孕期三个阶段采集的尿液样本中砷甜菜碱（AsB）、亚砷酸盐、砷酸盐、一甲基砷酸（MMA）和二甲基砷酸（DMA）的浓度。无机砷（iAs）按亚砷酸盐和砷酸盐之和计算。总砷（tAs）按iAs、MMA和DMA之和计算。采用贝利婴幼儿发展量表评估儿童神经发育情况。

结果

经比重校正后的tAs在孕早期、孕中期、孕晚期的几何均值分别为16.37、12.94、13.04μg/L。智力发展指数（MDI）得分与iAs和tAs呈负相关。与第一四分位数相比，iAs第二、第三、第四四分位数对应的MDI得分分别降低0.43（95%可信区间：-4.22，3.36）、6.50（95%可信区间：-11.73，-1.27）、5.42（95%可信区间：-10.74，-0.10），tAs第四四分位数对应的MDI得分降低4.03（95%可信区间：-7.90，-0.15）。在特定孕期模型中，仅在孕早期观察到DMA[-1.94（95%可信区间：-3.18，-0.71）]和tAs[-1.61（95%可信区间：-3.02，-0.20）]与精细动作发展指数（PDI）呈负相关。