Department of Oncology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, 410008, P.R. China.
Signal Transduct Target Ther. 2023 Apr 12;8(1):160. doi: 10.1038/s41392-023-01419-2.
Patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models, in which tumor tissues from patients are implanted into immunocompromised or humanized mice, have shown superiority in recapitulating the characteristics of cancer, such as the spatial structure of cancer and the intratumor heterogeneity of cancer. Moreover, PDX models retain the genomic features of patients across different stages, subtypes, and diversified treatment backgrounds. Optimized PDX engraftment procedures and modern technologies such as multi-omics and deep learning have enabled a more comprehensive depiction of the PDX molecular landscape and boosted the utilization of PDX models. These irreplaceable advantages make PDX models an ideal choice in cancer treatment studies, such as preclinical trials of novel drugs, validating novel drug combinations, screening drug-sensitive patients, and exploring drug resistance mechanisms. In this review, we gave an overview of the history of PDX models and the process of PDX model establishment. Subsequently, the review presents the strengths and weaknesses of PDX models and highlights the integration of novel technologies in PDX model research. Finally, we delineated the broad application of PDX models in chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and other novel therapies.
患者来源异种移植（PDX）模型，即将患者的肿瘤组织植入免疫缺陷或人源化小鼠中，在重现癌症特征方面表现出优越性，例如癌症的空间结构和癌症的肿瘤内异质性。此外，PDX 模型保留了患者在不同阶段、亚型和多样化治疗背景下的基因组特征。优化的 PDX 移植程序和多组学和深度学习等现代技术使 PDX 分子景观的描绘更加全面，并促进了 PDX 模型的利用。这些不可替代的优势使 PDX 模型成为癌症治疗研究的理想选择，例如新型药物的临床前试验、验证新型药物组合、筛选药物敏感患者和探索耐药机制。在这篇综述中，我们概述了 PDX 模型的历史和 PDX 模型建立的过程。随后，本综述介绍了 PDX 模型的优缺点，并强调了新技术在 PDX 模型研究中的整合。最后，我们描述了 PDX 模型在化疗、靶向治疗、免疫治疗和其他新型治疗中的广泛应用。
