Morshed A K M Helal, Paul Supti, Hossain Arafat, Basak Tuli, Hossain Md Sanower, Hasan Md Mehedi, Hasibuzzaman Md Al, Rahaman Tanjim Ishraq, Mia Md Abdur Rashid, Shing Pollob, Sohel Md, Bibi Shabana, Dey Dipta, Biswas Partha, Hasan Md Nazmul, Ming Long Chiau, Tan Ching Siang
Pathology and Pathophysiology, Academy of Medical Science, Zhengzhou University, No. 100 Science Avenue, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
Department of Chemistry, University of Dhaka, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh.
Cancers (Basel). 2023 Apr 3;15(7):2128. doi: 10.3390/cancers15072128.
Despite significant therapeutic advancements for cancer, an atrocious global burden (for example, health and economic) and radio- and chemo-resistance limit their effectiveness and result in unfavorable health consequences. Natural compounds are generally considered safer than synthetic drugs, and their use in cancer treatment alone, or in combination with conventional therapies, is increasingly becoming accepted. Interesting outcomes from pre-clinical trials using Baicalein in combination with conventional medicines have been reported, and some of them have also undergone clinical trials in later stages. As a result, we investigated the prospects of Baicalein, a naturally occurring substance extracted from the stems of Georgi and Kurz, which targets a wide range of molecular changes that are involved in cancer development. In other words, this review is primarily driven by the findings from studies of Baicalein therapy in several cancer cell populations based on promising pre-clinical research. The modifications of numerous signal transduction mechanisms and transcriptional agents have been highlighted as the major players for Baicalein's anti-malignant properties at the micro level. These include AKT serine/threonine protein kinase B (AKT) as well as PI3K/Akt/mTOR, matrix metalloproteinases-2 & 9 (MMP-2 & 9), Wnt/-catenin, Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), NF-κB, Caspase-3/8/9, Smad4, Notch 1/Hes, Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3), Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2)/Kelch-like ECH-associated protein-1 (Keap 1), Adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), Src/Id1, ROS signaling, miR 183/ezrin, and Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling cascades. The promise of Baicalein as an anti-inflammatory to anti-apoptotic/anti-angiogenic/anti-metastatic medicinal element for treating various malignancies and its capability to inhibit malignant stem cells, evidence of synergistic effects, and design of nanomedicine-based drugs are altogether well supported by the data presented in this review study.
尽管癌症治疗取得了重大进展，但巨大的全球负担（如健康和经济方面）以及放疗和化疗耐药性限制了其疗效，并导致不良的健康后果。天然化合物通常被认为比合成药物更安全，其单独用于癌症治疗或与传统疗法联合使用越来越被认可。已有报道使用黄芩素与传统药物联合进行的临床前试验取得了有趣的结果，其中一些还进入了后期临床试验阶段。因此，我们研究了黄芩素的前景，黄芩素是一种从黄芩（Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi）和半枝莲（Scutellaria barbata D. Don）茎中提取的天然物质，它针对癌症发展过程中涉及的广泛分子变化。换句话说，本综述主要基于有前景的临床前研究中对几种癌细胞群体进行黄芩素治疗的研究结果。众多信号转导机制和转录因子的修饰已被强调为黄芩素在微观层面上具有抗恶性特性的主要因素。这些因素包括AKT丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶B（AKT）以及PI3K/Akt/mTOR、基质金属蛋白酶-2和9（MMP-2和9）、Wnt/β-连环蛋白、聚（ADP-核糖）聚合酶（PARP）、丝裂原活化蛋白激酶（MAPK）、核因子κB（NF-κB）、半胱天冬酶-3/8/9、Smad4、Notch 1/Hes、信号转导和转录激活因子3（STAT3）、核因子红细胞2相关因子2（Nrf2）/ Kelch样ECH相关蛋白1（Keap 1）、腺苷单磷酸活化蛋白激酶（AMPK）、Src/Id1、活性氧信号、miR 183/埃兹蛋白（ezrin）和音猬因子（Shh）信号级联。本综述研究中提供的数据充分支持了黄芩素作为一种抗炎、抗凋亡/抗血管生成/抗转移药物成分用于治疗各种恶性肿瘤的前景，以及其抑制恶性干细胞的能力、协同效应的证据和基于纳米医学的药物设计。
