Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
Nutrients. 2023 Mar 30;15(7):1694. doi: 10.3390/nu15071694.
(1) Background: Exercise is effective in promoting and maintaining bone mass. The aim of this study was to detect the exercise-induced metabolic changes in bone tissue of zebrafish. (2) Methods: Thirty-eight zebrafish (Danio rerio, six months old) were analyzed. The exercise group ( = 19) received 8 weeks of counter-current swimming training. The control group ( = 19) was not subjected to exercise. Mineralization was quantified, and alkaline phosphatase (Alp) and anti-tartrate acid phosphatase (Trap) activities were estimated ( = 12). The metabolomics ( = 12) and transcriptomics ( = 14) data of bone tissue were used for the integration analyses. (3) Results: The results showed that the exercise training improved the bone mineralization of zebrafish, e.g., the exercise group (5.74 × 10 ± 7.63 × 10) had a higher mean optical density than the control group (5.26 × 10 ± 8.56 × 10, = 0.046) for the caudal vertebrae. The amount of mineralized matrix in scales of the exercised zebrafish was also higher (0.156 ± 0.012 vs. 0.102 ± 0.003, = 0.005). Both histological staining and biochemical analysis revealed increased Alp activity (0.81 ± 0.26 vs. 0.76 ± 0.01, = 0.002) and decreased Trap activity (1.34 ± 0.01 vs. 1.36 ± 0.01, = 0.005) in the exercise group. A total of 103 different metabolites (DMs, VIP ≥ 1, fold change (FC) ≥ 1.20 or ≤0.83, < 0.050) were identified. Alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis were the significantly enriched metabolic pathways ( < 0.050). A total of 35 genes ( ≤ 0.050 (BH), |Log2FC| ≥ 0.5) were coenriched with the 103 DMs in the four identified pathways. Protein-protein interaction network analysis of the 35 genes showed that , , and were the core genes. (4) Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, β-alanine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, and pantothenate and CoA biosynthesis contributed to exercise-induced improvements in bone mass.
（1）背景：运动对促进和维持骨量有积极作用。本研究旨在检测运动对斑马鱼骨组织的代谢变化。（2）方法：分析了 38 条斑马鱼（六个月大）。运动组（n=19）接受了 8 周的逆流游泳训练。对照组（n=19）未进行运动。对矿化进行了量化，并估计了碱性磷酸酶（Alp）和抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶（Trap）的活性（n=12）。对骨组织的代谢组学（n=12）和转录组学（n=14）数据进行了整合分析。（3）结果：结果表明，运动训练提高了斑马鱼的骨矿化水平，例如，运动组（5.74×10±7.63×10）的尾椎光密度均值高于对照组（5.26×10±8.56×10，=0.046）。运动斑马鱼鳞片中矿化基质的含量也较高（0.156±0.012 vs. 0.102±0.003，=0.005）。组织学染色和生化分析均显示，运动组的 Alp 活性增加（0.81±0.26 vs. 0.76±0.01，=0.002），Trap 活性降低（1.34±0.01 vs. 1.36±0.01，=0.005）。共鉴定出 103 种不同的代谢物（DMs，VIP≥1，FC≥1.20 或≤0.83，<0.050）。丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、β-丙氨酸代谢、嘧啶代谢以及泛酸和 CoA 生物合成是显著富集的代谢途径（<0.050）。与四个鉴定通路中的 103 个 DMs 共富集的基因共 35 个（<0.050（BH），|Log2FC|≥0.5）。35 个基因的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用网络分析表明，、和是核心基因。（4）结论：本研究结果表明，丙氨酸、天冬氨酸和谷氨酸代谢、β-丙氨酸代谢、嘧啶代谢以及泛酸和 CoA 生物合成有助于运动引起的骨量增加。
