U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville Human Nutrition Research Center, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA.
Department of Nutrition and Exercise Physiology, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99202, USA.
Nutrients. 2023 Mar 31;15(7):1709. doi: 10.3390/nu15071709.
Berries and other anthocyanin-rich foods have demonstrated anti-obesity effects in rodents and humans. However, the bioactive components of these foods and their mechanisms of action are unclear. We conducted an intervention study with overweight and obese adults to isolate the effects of different berry components on bioenergetics. Subjects consumed whole mixed berries (high anthocyanin, high fiber), pressed berry juice (high anthocyanin, low fiber), berry-flavored gelatin (low anthocyanin, low fiber), or fiber-enriched gelatin (low anthocyanin, high fiber) for one week prior to a meal challenge with the same treatment food as the pre-feed period. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were collected 2 h after the meal challenge, and cellular respiration was assessed via high-resolution respirometry. The high-anthocyanin, low-fiber treatment (berry juice) and the low-anthocyanin, high-fiber treatment (fiber-enriched gelatin) had opposite effects on cellular respiration. In the fasted state, berry juice resulted in the highest oxygen-consumption rate (OCR), while fiber-enriched gelatin resulted in the highest OCR in the fed state. Differences were observed in multiple respiration states (basal, state 3, state 4, uncoupled), with the greatest differences being between the pressed berry juice and the fiber-enriched gelatin. Different components of berries, specifically anthocyanins/flavonoids and fiber, appear to have differential effects on cellular respiration.
浆果和其他富含花青素的食物已在啮齿动物和人类中表现出抗肥胖作用。然而,这些食物的生物活性成分及其作用机制尚不清楚。我们对超重和肥胖成年人进行了一项干预研究,以分离不同浆果成分对生物能量学的影响。研究对象在进行膳食挑战前一周内分别食用混合浆果(高花青素、高纤维)、压榨浆果汁(高花青素、低纤维)、浆果味明胶(低花青素、低纤维)或富含纤维的明胶(低花青素、高纤维)。膳食挑战后 2 小时采集外周血单核细胞,并通过高分辨率呼吸仪评估细胞呼吸。高花青素、低纤维处理(浆果汁)和低花青素、高纤维处理(富含纤维的明胶)对细胞呼吸有相反的影响。在禁食状态下,浆果汁的耗氧率(OCR)最高,而在进食状态下,富含纤维的明胶的 OCR 最高。在多个呼吸状态(基础、状态 3、状态 4、解偶联)中观察到差异,其中压碎的浆果汁和富含纤维的明胶之间的差异最大。浆果的不同成分,特别是花青素/类黄酮和纤维,似乎对细胞呼吸有不同的影响。