Wiśniewska Natalia, Gołębiowski Marek, Kowalkowska Agnieszka K
Department of Plant Cytology and Embryology, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 59, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland.
Laboratory of Analysis of Natural Compounds, Department of Environmental Analytics, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Gdańsk, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Apr 6;12(7):1568. doi: 10.3390/plants12071568.
The vast majority of fly-pollinated species use a combination of visual and olfactory clues to mimic food sources and brood/oviposition sites of pollinators. The aims of the present work were to characterize the floral secretory tissue and the floral scent and compare them with those previously described in . Based on the histochemical results, the labellar secretion in is the protein-rich mucilage. The adaxial epidermal cells of the labellum showed typical features of secretory activity. Plastids contained plastoglobuli, which are thought to be the places for scent production in osmophores. Juxtaposed with FeCl staining, the presence of dihydroxyphenolic globules in the cytoplasm of the epidermis and sub-epidermis was confirmed. Phenolic derivatives were also described with GC/MS analysis of the floral scent. The number of aromatic compounds and hydrocarbons was indicated in the floral scent of . Moreover, pregnane-3,20-dione, occurring in the highest percentage in the floral fragrance of , is a biologically active, 5-alpha-reduced metabolite of plasma progesterone. Progesterone is a mammalian gonadal hormone, but, like other steroid hormones, has been found in plants as intermediates in different biosynthetic pathways. The research on biosynthesis and functions of progesterone and its derivatives in flowers is still lacking.
绝大多数由苍蝇授粉的物种利用视觉和嗅觉线索的组合来模仿传粉者的食物来源和繁殖/产卵地点。本研究的目的是对花的分泌组织和花香进行表征，并将它们与之前在[相关文献]中描述的进行比较。基于组织化学结果，[该植物]唇瓣分泌物是富含蛋白质的黏液。唇瓣的近轴表皮细胞表现出分泌活动的典型特征。质体含有质体小球，被认为是渗透压感受器中产生气味的场所。与氯化铁染色并列，证实了表皮和亚表皮细胞质中存在二羟基酚小球。花香的气相色谱/质谱分析也描述了酚类衍生物。[该植物]花香中芳香化合物和碳氢化合物的数量也有显示。此外，在[该植物]花香中含量最高的孕烷-3,20-二酮是血浆孕酮的一种具有生物活性的5-α还原代谢物。孕酮是一种哺乳动物性腺激素，但与其他类固醇激素一样，已在植物中作为不同生物合成途径的中间体被发现。关于花中孕酮及其衍生物的生物合成和功能的研究仍然缺乏。
