Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
Key Laboratory of the Three Gorges Reservoir Region's Eco-Environment, Ministry of Education, Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2023 Mar 5;445:130570. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.130570. Epub 2022 Dec 9.
This study investigated the behavior of veterinary antibiotics (VAs) in a small farm ecosystem. Manure and environmental samples were collected around a large pig farm in northeast China. Thirty-four VAs in six categories were analyzed. Then, a multimedia fugacity model was used to estimate the fates of VAs in the environment. The results showed that VAs were prevalent in manure, soil, water, and sediment, but not in crops. Compared with fresh manure, VA levels were significantly lower in surface manure piles left in the open air for 3-6 months. The main VAs, tetracyclines and quinolones, decreased by 427.12 and 158.45 µg/kg, respectively. VAs from manure piles were transported to the surroundings and migrated vertically into deep soil. The concentrations of ∑VAs detected in agricultural soils were 0.03-4.60 µg/kg; > 94% of the mass inventory of the VAs was retained in soil organic matter (SOM), suggesting that SOM is the main reservoir for antibiotics in soil. Risk assessment and model analysis indicated that the negative impact of mixed antibiotics at low concentrations in farmland on crops may be mediated by indirect effects, rather than direct effects. Our findings highlight the environmental fates and risks of antibiotics from livestock farms.
本研究调查了小型农场生态系统中兽医抗生素（VAs）的行为。在中国东北的一个大型养猪场周围收集了粪便和环境样本。分析了六类中的 34 种抗生素。然后，使用多介质逸度模型来估计环境中抗生素的归宿。结果表明，抗生素在粪便、土壤、水和沉积物中普遍存在，但在作物中不存在。与新鲜粪便相比，露天堆放 3-6 个月的表面粪便堆中的 VA 水平明显较低。主要的抗生素，四环素类和喹诺酮类，分别减少了 427.12 和 158.45 µg/kg。粪便堆中的抗生素被运送到周围环境，并垂直迁移到深层土壤中。在农业土壤中检测到的∑VAs 浓度为 0.03-4.60 µg/kg；抗生素的质量库存中 >94%保留在土壤有机质（SOM）中，这表明 SOM 是土壤中抗生素的主要储存库。风险评估和模型分析表明，农田中低浓度混合抗生素对作物的负面影响可能是通过间接作用而不是直接作用来介导的。我们的研究结果强调了来自养殖场的抗生素的环境归宿和风险。
