Chen Jialei, Wang Yushu, Qi Xingshan, Cheng Haijian, Chen Ningbo, Ahmed Zulfiqar, Chen Qiuming, Lei Chuzhao, Yang Xueyi
Life Science College, Luoyang Normal University, Luoyang, China.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.
Front Genet. 2023 Mar 30;14:1144249. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1144249. eCollection 2023.
Altay white-headed cattle have not received enough attention for several reasons. Due to irrational breeding and selection practices, the number of pure Altay white-headed cattle has decreased significantly and the breed is now on the eve of extinction. The genomic characterization will be a crucial step towards understanding the genetic basis of productivity and adaptability to survival under native Chinese agropastoral systems; nevertheless, no attempt has been made in Altay white-headed cattle. In the current study, we compared the genomes of 20 Altay white-headed cattle to the genomes of 144 individuals in representative breeds. Population genetic diversity revealed that the nucleotide diversity of Altay white-headed cattle was less than that of indicine breeds and comparable to that of Chinese taurus cattle. Using population structure analysis, we also found that Altay white-headed cattle carried the ancestry of the European and East Asian cattle lineage. In addition, we used three different methods ( , θπ ratio and XP-EHH) to investigate the adaptability and white-headed phenotype of Altay white-headed cattle and compared it with Bohai black cattle. We found , and genes on the list of the top one percent genes, these genes might have an association with environmental adaptability and the white-headed phenotype for this breed. Our research reveals the distinctive genomic features of Altay white-headed cattle at the genome-wide level.
阿勒泰白头牛由于多种原因未得到足够重视。由于不合理的繁殖和选育方式，纯种阿勒泰白头牛数量大幅减少，该品种现已濒临灭绝。基因组特征分析将是了解其在中国农牧系统下生产力和生存适应性遗传基础的关键一步；然而，尚未对阿勒泰白头牛进行过此类尝试。在本研究中，我们将20头阿勒泰白头牛的基因组与144头代表性品种个体的基因组进行了比较。群体遗传多样性分析表明，阿勒泰白头牛的核苷酸多样性低于瘤牛品种，与中国黄牛相当。通过群体结构分析，我们还发现阿勒泰白头牛携带着欧洲和东亚牛系的祖先基因。此外，我们使用了三种不同方法（ 、θπ比率和XP-EHH）来研究阿勒泰白头牛的适应性和白头表型，并将其与渤海黑牛进行比较。我们发现 、 和 基因位列前1%基因名单中，这些基因可能与该品种的环境适应性和白头表型有关。我们的研究揭示了阿勒泰白头牛在全基因组水平上独特的基因组特征。
