Trinkoff A M, Baker S P
Am J Public Health. 1986 Jun;76(6):657-60. doi: 10.2105/ajph.76.6.657.
Twenty-four deaths and 4,271 hospital admissions due to poisoning occurred in the 0-19 year age group in Maryland during 1979-82. Four-fifths of the deaths (83 per cent) and two-thirds of the admissions involved teenagers. Among teenagers, four out of five admissions and deaths were of suicidal or undetermined intent. Black males had the highest hospitalization rate among young children, and White females among teenagers. The most common poisons ingested by children aged 0-4 years were aspirin, solvents and petroleum products, tranquilizers, and iron compounds. Among teenagers, aspirin, tranquilizers, sedatives, and antidepressants were the most common substances ingested, with antidepressants and stimulants most common among the fatalities. Reducing the availability and toxicity of the most hazardous drugs is important if morbidity and mortality from poisoning are to be prevented.
1979年至1982年期间，马里兰州0至19岁年龄组因中毒导致24人死亡，4271人住院。五分之四的死亡（83%）和三分之二的住院病例涉及青少年。在青少年中，五分之四的住院和死亡病例是自杀或意图不明。黑人男性在幼儿中的住院率最高，白人女性在青少年中的住院率最高。0至4岁儿童摄入的最常见毒物是阿司匹林、溶剂和石油产品、镇静剂以及铁化合物。在青少年中，阿司匹林、镇静剂、安眠药和抗抑郁药是最常摄入的物质，抗抑郁药和兴奋剂在死亡病例中最为常见。如果要预防中毒的发病率和死亡率，降低最危险药物的可得性和毒性很重要。
