Patra A L, Gooya A, Ménache M G
Anat Rec. 1986 May;215(1):42-50. doi: 10.1002/ar.1092150107.
Solid silicone rubber casts of the nasopharyngeal and laryngeal regions of a human cadaver (child, 3 years old) and a laboratory primate (baboon, 10 years old) were made, and cross-sectional areas were measured in detail. Cross-sectional areas of other species reported in the published literature were used for comparison. In the child's nose cast, the frontal nasal duct (frontonasal duct), which enters the anterior part of the middle meatus, and the sphenoidal recess were almost absent. The ethmoidal turbinates (superior and middle concha) and the maxillary turbinates (inferior concha) were present but were not fully developed. In the baboon nose, the different turbinates were well defined and smooth but of a less complex nature than the child's nose. Of the species compared, the baboon's upper airways had the greatest similarity to the human child's. The present study shows that for the species investigated and for those from the literature, the cross-sectional area increases from the external nares to the maxilloturbinate region (inferior concha). There is a relatively sudden drop in cross-sectional area about halfway through the nose. The present study suggests a functional relationship between nasal structure and cross-sectional area across species.
制作了一名人类尸体（3岁儿童）和一只实验灵长类动物（10岁狒狒）鼻咽和喉部区域的固态硅橡胶铸型，并详细测量了横截面积。已发表文献中报道的其他物种的横截面积用于比较。在儿童的鼻铸型中，进入中鼻道前部的额鼻管几乎不存在。筛鼻甲（上鼻甲和中鼻甲）和上颌鼻甲（下鼻甲）存在但未完全发育。在狒狒的鼻子中，不同的鼻甲界限清晰且光滑，但比儿童的鼻子结构简单。在所比较的物种中，狒狒的上呼吸道与人类儿童的最为相似。本研究表明，对于所研究的物种以及文献中的物种，横截面积从外鼻孔到上颌鼻甲区域（下鼻甲）逐渐增加。在鼻腔中部大约一半的位置，横截面积相对突然下降。本研究表明跨物种的鼻腔结构与横截面积之间存在功能关系。
