Department of Neonatology, Villalba University General Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
Biostatistics and Epidemiology Unit, Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz and Fundación Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria, Madrid, Spain.
Pediatr Res. 2023 Sep;94(3):1180-1188. doi: 10.1038/s41390-023-02593-3. Epub 2023 Apr 17.
Small for gestational age (SGA) perform a postnatal catch-up growth to recover their genetic trajectory. We studied the postnatal catch-up growth pattern of fetuses born with an appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) weight but with fetal growth deceleration (FGD) to explore whether they catch up.
Nine hundred and sixty-six newborns at Villalba University General Hospital (HUGV), were followed from 34 to 37 weeks to birth. Z-scores, adjusted for sex and age, of weight, length, and BMI at 3, 6, 9, and 12 months were calculated. We define catch-up as an increase in z-score greater than 0.67 SD in the growth curves.
AGA FGD had lower mean weight and length than AGA non-FGD at all time points; BMI was lower until 3 months. AGA FGD had a lower weight, length, and BMI z-score (until 9, 6 months, and at birth, respectively) than AGA non-FGD. AGA FGD newborns had a significantly increased likelihood of weight catch-up at 3 months (OR 1.79; 95% CI: 1.16, 2.78; p = 0.009) and BMI in all investigated periods (OR 1.90; 95% CI 1.30, 2.78; p < 0.001 at 3 months), compared to AGA non-FGD newborns.
AGA FGD newborns perform catch-up growth, especially in weight and BMI, in the first year of life, compared to AGA non-FGD.
Appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns with fetal growth deceleration (FGD), between the third trimester of pregnancy and delivery, present a lower weight and height, during the first year of life, compared to AGA non-FGD. Appropriate-for-gestational-age (AGA) newborns with fetal growth deceleration (FGD), between the third trimester of pregnancy and delivery, present a higher likelihood of weight catch-up in the first 3 months of life and of BMI in the first year compared to AGA non-FGD. AGA FGD experienced early weight and BMI catch-up, especially in the first 3 months of life, like SGA. This finding should be considered in the future follow-up.
小于胎龄儿（SGA）在出生后会经历追赶性生长，以恢复其遗传轨迹。我们研究了出生体重适用于胎龄（AGA）但存在胎儿生长减速（FGD）的胎儿的出生后追赶性生长模式，以探讨其是否能够追赶生长。
在比利亚尔瓦大学总医院（HUGV），我们对 966 名新生儿从 34 周到出生进行了随访。计算了 3、6、9 和 12 个月时体重、身高和 BMI 的性别和年龄调整 Z 分数。我们将增长曲线中 Z 分数增加大于 0.67SD 定义为追赶生长。
AGA FGD 在所有时间点的体重和身高均低于 AGA 非 FGD；BMI 直到 3 个月才下降。AGA FGD 的体重、身高和 BMI Z 分数（分别在 9 个月、6 个月和出生时）均低于 AGA 非 FGD。与 AGA 非 FGD 新生儿相比，AGA FGD 新生儿在 3 个月时体重追赶生长的可能性显著增加（OR 1.79；95%CI：1.16，2.78；p=0.009），在所有研究期间的 BMI 追赶生长的可能性也显著增加（OR 1.90；95%CI 1.30，2.78；p<0.001，在 3 个月时）。
与 AGA 非 FGD 新生儿相比，在生命的第一年，AGA FGD 新生儿的体重和 BMI 表现出追赶性生长。
在妊娠晚期至分娩期间存在胎儿生长减速（FGD）的出生体重适用于胎龄（AGA）新生儿，在生命的第一年，其体重和身高均低于 AGA 非 FGD。在妊娠晚期至分娩期间存在胎儿生长减速（FGD）的出生体重适用于胎龄（AGA）新生儿，与 AGA 非 FGD 相比，其在生命的前 3 个月体重追赶生长和在生命的第一年 BMI 追赶生长的可能性更高。AGA FGD 经历了早期的体重和 BMI 追赶性生长，特别是在生命的前 3 个月，就像 SGA 一样。在未来的随访中，应该考虑到这一发现。
