黎巴嫩的肺癌与危险因素：流行病学、时间趋势，以及与世界不同地区国家的比较。
Lung Cancer and Risk Factors in Lebanon: Epidemiology, Temporal Trends, and Comparison to Countries From Different Regions in the World.
机构信息
Department of Family Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center (AUBMC), Beirut, Lebanon.
Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, London, UK.
出版信息
Cancer Control. 2023 Jan-Dec;30:10732748231169596. doi: 10.1177/10732748231169596.
BACKGROUND
Lung cancer (Lca) is the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study examines the Lca incidence and trends in Lebanon and compares them to regional and global ones. It also discusses Lca risk factors in Lebanon.
METHODS
Lung cancer data from the Lebanese National Cancer Registry for 2005 to 2016 was obtained. The age-standardized incidence rates (ASRw) and age-specific rates per 100 000 population were calculated.
RESULTS
Lung cancer ranked second for cancer incidence in Lebanon from 2005-2016. Lung cancer ASRw ranged from 25.3 to 37.1 per 100 000 males and 9.8 to 16.7 per 100 000 females. Males 70-74 and females 75+ had the highest incidence. Lung cancer ASRw in males increased significantly at 3.94% per year from 2005 to 2014 ( > .05), then decreased non-significantly from 2014 to 2016 ( < .05). Lung cancer ASRw in females increased significantly at 11.98% per year from 2005 to 2009 ( > .05), then increased non-significantly from 2009 to 2016 ( < .05). Males' Lca ASRw in Lebanon was lower than the global average in 2008 and became similar in 2012 (34.1 vs 34.2 per 100 000); However, females' Lca ASRw was almost comparable to the global average in 2008 and exceeded it in 2012 (16.5 vs 13.6, respectively, per 100 000). Males' and Females' Lca ASRw in Lebanon were among the highest in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region but lower than those estimated for North America, China and Japan, and several European countries. The proportion of Lca cases attributed to smoking among Lebanese males and females was estimated at 75.7% and 66.3% for all age groups, respectively. The proportion of Lca cases attributed to air pollution with PM and PM in Lebanon was estimated at 13.5% for all age groups.
CONCLUSION
Lung cancer incidence in Lebanon is among the highest in the MENA region. The leading known modifiable risk factors are tobacco smoking and air pollution.
背景
肺癌（Lca）是全球癌症发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本研究检查了黎巴嫩的肺癌发病率和趋势，并将其与区域和全球水平进行了比较。还讨论了黎巴嫩的肺癌危险因素。
方法
从黎巴嫩国家癌症登记处获得了 2005 年至 2016 年的肺癌数据。计算了年龄标准化发病率（ASRw）和每 10 万人中的年龄特异性发病率。
结果
2005 年至 2016 年，肺癌在黎巴嫩癌症发病率中排名第二。2005 年至 2016 年间，男性肺癌 ASRw 范围为 25.3 至 37.1/10 万，女性为 9.8 至 16.7/10 万。70-74 岁男性和 75 岁以上女性的发病率最高。2005 年至 2014 年间，男性肺癌 ASRw 以每年 3.94%的速度显著增加（>0.05），然后从 2014 年到 2016 年非显著下降（<0.05）。2005 年至 2009 年间，女性肺癌 ASRw 以每年 11.98%的速度显著增加（>0.05），然后从 2009 年到 2016 年非显著增加（<0.05）。2008 年，黎巴嫩男性的肺癌 ASRw 低于全球平均水平，2012 年变得相似（34.1 对 34.2/10 万）；然而，2008 年，女性的肺癌 ASRw 与全球平均水平相当，2012 年超过了全球平均水平（分别为 16.5 对 13.6/10 万）。黎巴嫩男性和女性的肺癌 ASRw 在中东和北非（MENA）地区属于最高之列，但低于北美、中国和日本以及一些欧洲国家的估计值。黎巴嫩男性和女性所有年龄组归因于吸烟的肺癌病例比例估计分别为 75.7%和 66.3%。黎巴嫩归因于 PM 和 PM 的空气污染的肺癌病例比例估计为所有年龄组的 13.5%。
结论
黎巴嫩的肺癌发病率在 MENA 地区属于最高之列。已知的主要可改变危险因素是吸烟和空气污染。
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