State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China; Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Guangzhou Medical University, Nanshan School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Int J Infect Dis. 2023 Jul;132:93-98. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2023.04.398. Epub 2023 Apr 17.
Talaromyces marneffei is an emerging pathogen, and the number of infections in HIV-negative individuals is rapidly increasing. Nevertheless, there is no sufficient comprehensive report on this issue, and awareness needs to be raised among clinicians.
We analyzed the differences in the clinical data of patients who are HIV-negative and HIV-positive with Talaromyces marneffei infection (TMI) from 2018 to 2022.
A total of 848 patients were included, among whom 104 were HIV-negative. The obvious differences between the HIV-positive and HIV-negative groups were as follows: (i) the patients who are HIV-negative were older and more likely to exhibit cough and rash, (ii) the time in days from symptom onset to diagnosis among patients who are HIV-negative was longer, (iii) the laboratory findings and radiological presentations seemed more severe in patients who are HIV-negative, (iv) differences were observed regarding the underlying conditions and co-infection pathogens, and correlation analysis showed that correlations existed for many indicators, (v) and persistent infection was more likely to occur in patients who are HIV-negative.
TMI in patients who are HIV-negative differs from that in patients who are HIV-positive in many aspects, and more investigations are needed. Clinicians should be more aware of TMI in patients who are HIV-negative.
马尔尼菲青霉是一种新兴的病原体，感染 HIV 阴性个体的数量正在迅速增加。然而，关于这个问题还没有足够全面的报告，需要提高临床医生的认识。
我们分析了 2018 年至 2022 年间 HIV 阴性和 HIV 阳性马尔尼菲青霉感染（TMI）患者的临床数据差异。
共纳入 848 例患者，其中 104 例为 HIV 阴性。HIV 阳性组和 HIV 阴性组之间存在明显差异：（i）HIV 阴性组患者年龄较大，更易出现咳嗽和皮疹，（ii）HIV 阴性组患者从症状出现到诊断的时间较长，（iii）HIV 阴性组患者的实验室检查和影像学表现似乎更严重，（iv）基础疾病和合并感染病原体存在差异，相关性分析表明许多指标存在相关性，（v）HIV 阴性组患者更易发生持续性感染。
HIV 阴性患者的 TMI 在许多方面与 HIV 阳性患者不同，需要进一步研究。临床医生应更加关注 HIV 阴性患者的 TMI。
