de Wit H, Uhlenhuth E H, Hedeker D, McCracken S G, Johanson C E
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1986 Jun;43(6):533-41. doi: 10.1001/archpsyc.1986.01800060023004.
Using a choice procedure, these experiments tested whether diazepam is more highly preferred by anxious subjects than by normal control subjects. Subjects first sampled and then chose between two capsules containing diazepam (5 or 10 mg) and placebo, or amphetamine (5 mg) and placebo. The number of times each drug was chosen over placebo and the subjective effects of the drugs were measured. Anxious subjects did not differ from controls in their drug choices. Most subjects chose diazepam less often than placebo, especially at the higher dose, whereas they chose amphetamine more often than placebo. The subjective drug effects (including anxiety reduction after diazepam) were similar for anxious and nonanxious subjects, despite predrug differences in anxiety. The results suggest that individuals with high anxiety are not at greater risk for dependence on antianxiety drugs.
通过选择程序，这些实验测试了焦虑受试者是否比正常对照受试者更倾向于选择地西泮。受试者首先对两种胶囊进行采样，然后在含有地西泮（5或10毫克）和安慰剂的胶囊，或含有苯丙胺（5毫克）和安慰剂的胶囊之间进行选择。测量了每种药物被选择超过安慰剂的次数以及药物的主观效果。焦虑受试者在药物选择上与对照组没有差异。大多数受试者选择地西泮的频率低于安慰剂，尤其是在高剂量时，而他们选择苯丙胺的频率高于安慰剂。尽管用药前焦虑程度存在差异，但焦虑和非焦虑受试者的药物主观效果（包括地西泮后焦虑减轻）相似。结果表明，高焦虑个体对抗焦虑药物产生依赖的风险并不更高。
