Graduate School of Medicine, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Tohoku University, 2-1 Seiryo-Machi, Aoba-Ku, Sendai, 980-8573, Japan.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2023 Apr 19;23(1):268. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05603-8.
Low birth weight is associated with an increased risk of developing chronic diseases in adulthood, with a particularly high incidence in Japan among developed countries. Maternal undernutrition is a risk factor for low birth weight, but the association between the timing of food intake and infant birth weight has not been investigated. This study aimed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency among Japanese pregnant women and infant birth weight.
Of all pregnant women who participated in the Tohoku Medical Megabank Project Three Generation Cohort Study, 16,820 who answered the required questions were included in the analysis. The frequency of breakfast intake from pre- to early pregnancy and from early to mid-pregnancy was classified into four groups: every day and 5-6, 3-4, and 0-2 times/week. Multivariate linear regression models were constructed to examine the association between breakfast intake frequency among pregnant women and infant birth weight.
The percentage of pregnant women who consumed breakfast daily was 74% in the pre- to early pregnancy period and 79% in the early to mid-pregnancy period. The average infant birth weight was 3,071 g. Compared to women who had breakfast daily from pre- to early pregnancy, those who had breakfast 0-2 times/week had lower infant birth weight (β = -38.2, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -56.5, -20.0). Similarly, compared to women who had breakfast daily from early to mid-pregnancy, those who had breakfast 0-2 times/week had lower infant birth weight (β = -41.5, 95% CI: -63.3, -19.6).
Less frequent breakfast intake before and mid-pregnancy was associated with lower infant birth weight.
低出生体重与成年后患慢性病的风险增加有关，在发达国家中，日本的发病率尤其高。母体营养不足是低出生体重的一个风险因素，但食物摄入时间与婴儿出生体重之间的关系尚未得到研究。本研究旨在探讨日本孕妇早餐摄入频率与婴儿出生体重之间的关系。
在参加东北医疗巨型银行项目三代队列研究的所有孕妇中，有 16820 名回答了必需问题的孕妇被纳入分析。从早孕前到早孕期间以及从中孕早期到中孕期的早餐摄入频率被分为四组：每天和 5-6 次、3-4 次和 0-2 次/周。构建了多变量线性回归模型来研究孕妇早餐摄入频率与婴儿出生体重之间的关系。
在早孕前和早孕期间，每天吃早餐的孕妇比例为 74%，在中孕早期和中孕期期间，这一比例为 79%。平均婴儿出生体重为 3071 克。与早孕前每天吃早餐的孕妇相比，每周 0-2 次吃早餐的孕妇的婴儿出生体重较低（β=-38.2，95%置信区间 [CI]：-56.5，-20.0）。同样，与从中孕早期开始每天吃早餐的孕妇相比，每周 0-2 次吃早餐的孕妇的婴儿出生体重较低（β=-41.5，95%CI：-63.3，-19.6）。
早孕前和中孕期早餐摄入频率较低与婴儿出生体重较低有关。
