Ferioli Davide, Rampinini Ermanno, Conte Daniele, Rucco Diego, Romagnoli Marco, Scanlan Aaron
1UCAM Research Center for High Performance Sport, Catholic University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Human Performance Laboratory, MAPEI Sport Research Centre, Olgiate Olona, Varese, Italy.
Biol Sport. 2023 Apr;40(2):377-387. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2023.116012. Epub 2022 Jun 1.
Despite the increased popularity and number of international competitions for 3 × 3 basketball, the precise physical demands of this sport are not well described. Therefore, this study aimed to quantify the physical demands of 3 × 3 basketball games according to game outcome and competition phase. Following an observational design, video footage from 27 games were analysed from 104 international 3 × 3 basketball players (n = 52 male and n = 52 female players) belonging to 26 national teams (n = 13 male and n = 13 female teams) during the 2019 FIBA 3 × 3 World Cup. Manual frame-by-frame time-motion analyses were conducted to determine the relative frequency (n · min) and duration (% of live playing time) for several physical demand variables to make comparisons according to game outcome (win vs. loss) and competition phase (group games vs. finals games). Linear mixed models for repeated measures and effect size analyses revealed non-significant, trivial-small differences in physical demands between games that were won and lost. Regarding competition phase, male players completed more high-intensity activity (sprinting, high-intensity specific movements, and jumping) but spent a greater proportion of playing time jumping and performing recovery activities (standing/ walking) during finals games than group games (P < 0.05, small), while female players performed more low-intensity activity (jogging and low-intensity specific movements) during group games than finals games (P < 0.05, small). These findings indicate that the physical capabilities of male and female 3 × 3 basketball players may not be the determining factor for team success in games and players can mostly maintain activity outputs across phases of tournament play conducted at the highest international standard.
尽管三人制篮球国际比赛越来越受欢迎且数量不断增加，但这项运动的确切身体需求尚未得到充分描述。因此，本研究旨在根据比赛结果和比赛阶段，量化三人制篮球比赛的身体需求。采用观察性设计，分析了来自26支国家队（13支男子队和13支女子队）的104名国际三人制篮球运动员（52名男性和52名女性运动员）在2019年国际篮联三人制篮球世界杯期间的27场比赛的视频片段。进行了逐帧手动时间动作分析，以确定几个身体需求变量的相对频率（n·分钟）和持续时间（比赛实际进行时间的百分比），以便根据比赛结果（胜与负）和比赛阶段（小组赛与决赛）进行比较。重复测量的线性混合模型和效应量分析显示，胜负比赛之间的身体需求存在不显著的微小差异。关于比赛阶段，男性运动员在决赛中完成的高强度活动（短跑、高强度特定动作和跳跃）比小组赛更多，但在决赛中跳跃和进行恢复活动（站立/行走）所花费的比赛时间比例比小组赛更大（P<0.05，小效应），而女性运动员在小组赛中进行的低强度活动（慢跑和低强度特定动作）比决赛更多（P<0.05，小效应）。这些发现表明，男女三人制篮球运动员的身体能力可能不是球队在比赛中取得成功的决定性因素，并且运动员在以最高国际标准进行的比赛各阶段中大多能保持活动输出。
