Department for Congenital Disorders, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Department of Paediatrics, Copenhagen University Hospital Slagelse, Slagelse, Denmark.
PLoS One. 2023 Apr 20;18(4):e0283909. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283909. eCollection 2023.
In Denmark, a nationwide COVID-19 lockdown was implemented on March 12, 2020 and eased on April 14, 2020. The COVID-19 lockdown featured reduced prevalence of extremely preterm or extremely low birthweight births. This study aims to explore the impact of this COVID-19 lockdown on term birthweights in Denmark. We conducted a nationwide register-based cohort study on 27,870 live singleton infants, born at term (weeks 37-41), between March 12 and April 14, 2015-2020, using data from the Danish Neonatal Screening Biobank. Primary outcomes, corrected for confounders, were birthweight, small-for-gestational-age (SGA), and large-for-gestational-age (LGA), comparing the COVID-19 lockdown to the previous five years. Data were analysed using linear regression to assess associations with birthweight. Multinomial logistic regression was used to assess associations with relative-size-for-gestational-age (xGA) categories. Adjusted mean birthweight was significantly increased by 16.9 g (95% CI = 4.1-31.3) during the lockdown period. A dip in mean birthweight was found in gestational weeks 37 and 38 balanced by an increase in weeks 40 and 41. The 2020 lockdown period was associated with an increased LGA prevalence (aOR 1.13, 95% CI = 1.05-1.21). No significant changes in proportions of xGA groups were found between 2015 and 2019. The nationwide COVID-19 lockdown resulted in a small but significant increase in birthweight and proportion of LGA infants, driven by an increase in birthweight in gestational weeks 40 and 41.
在丹麦，全国范围的 COVID-19 封锁于 2020 年 3 月 12 日实施，并于 2020 年 4 月 14 日放宽。COVID-19 封锁的特点是极低出生体重儿或极低出生体重儿的患病率降低。本研究旨在探讨 COVID-19 封锁对丹麦足月出生体重的影响。我们对 2015 年至 2020 年期间，37-41 周足月分娩的 27870 例活产单胎婴儿进行了一项全国范围内基于登记的队列研究，使用丹麦新生儿筛查生物库的数据。主要结果是在调整混杂因素后，比较 COVID-19 封锁与前五年的出生体重、小于胎龄儿（SGA）和大于胎龄儿（LGA）。使用线性回归分析数据评估与出生体重的关联。使用多项逻辑回归评估与相对胎龄大小（xGA）类别的关联。调整后的平均出生体重在封锁期间显著增加 16.9 克（95%CI=4.1-31.3）。在 37 周和 38 周的平均出生体重下降，但在 40 周和 41 周增加。2020 年封锁期间与 LGA 患病率增加相关（aOR 1.13，95%CI=1.05-1.21）。在 2015 年至 2019 年期间，xGA 组的比例没有明显变化。全国范围的 COVID-19 封锁导致出生体重和 LGA 婴儿比例略有增加，这主要是由于 40 周和 41 周的出生体重增加所致。
