Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sport Sciences, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.
Research Institute for Innovation & Sustainable Food Chain Development (IS-FOOD), Public University of Navarre. Department of Health Sciences, Public University of Navarre, Pamplona, Spain.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2023 Aug;33(8):1462-1472. doi: 10.1111/sms.14372. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
Fat depots localization has a critical role in the metabolic health status of adults. Nevertheless, whether that is also the case in children remains under-studied. Therefore, the aims of this study were: (i) to examine the differences between metabolically healthy (MHO) and unhealthy (MUO) overweight/obesity phenotypes on specific abdominal fat depots, and (ii) to further explore whether cardiorespiratory fitness plays a major role in the differences between metabolic phenotypes among children with overweight/obesity.
A total of 114 children with overweight/obesity (10.6 ± 1.1 years, 62 girls) were included. Children were classified as MHO (n = 68) or MUO. visceral (VAT), abdominal subcutaneous (ASAT), intermuscular abdominal (IMAAT), psoas, hepatic, pancreatic, and lumbar bone marrow adipose tissues were measured by magnetic resonance imaging. Cardiorespiratory fitness was assessed using the 20 m shuttle run test.
MHO children had lower VAT and ASAT contents and psoas fat fraction compared to MUO children (difference = 12.4%-25.8%, all p < 0.035). MUO-unfit had more VAT and ASAT content than those MUO-fit and MHO-fit (difference = 34.8%-45.3%, all p < 0.044). MUO-unfit shows also greater IMAAT fat fraction than those MUO-fit and MHO-fit peers (difference = 16.4%-13.9% respectively, all p ≤ 0.001). In addition, MHO-unfit presented higher IMAAT fat fraction than MHO-fit (difference = 13.4%, p < 0.001). MUO-unfit presented higher psoas fat fraction than MHO-fit (difference = 29.1%, p = 0.008).
VAT together with ASAT and psoas fat fraction, were lower in MHO than in MUO children. Further, we also observed that being fit, regardless of metabolic phenotype, has a protective role over the specific abdominal fat depots among children with overweight/obesity.
脂肪沉积部位的定位在成年人的代谢健康状况中起着关键作用。然而，这在儿童中是否也是如此仍有待研究。因此，本研究的目的是：（i）检查代谢健康（MHO）和不健康（MUO）超重/肥胖表型在特定腹部脂肪沉积部位的差异，以及（ii）进一步探讨心肺适能在超重/肥胖儿童代谢表型差异中的重要作用。
共纳入 114 名超重/肥胖儿童（10.6±1.1 岁，62 名女孩）。将儿童分为 MHO（n=68）或 MUO。使用磁共振成像测量内脏（VAT）、腹部皮下（ASAT）、腹内肌间（IMAAT）、腰大肌、肝、胰腺和腰椎骨髓脂肪组织。心肺适能通过 20 米穿梭跑测试进行评估。
与 MUO 儿童相比，MHO 儿童的 VAT 和 ASAT 含量以及腰大肌脂肪分数较低（差异=12.4%-25.8%，均 p<0.035）。MUO-不适合比 MUO-适合和 MHO-适合的儿童有更多的 VAT 和 ASAT 含量（差异=34.8%-45.3%，均 p<0.044）。MUO-不适合的儿童也比 MUO-适合和 MHO-适合的同龄人具有更大的 IMAAT 脂肪分数（差异分别为 16.4%-13.9%，均 p≤0.001）。此外，MHO-不适合的儿童比 MHO-适合的儿童具有更高的 IMAAT 脂肪分数（差异=13.4%，p<0.001）。MUO-不适合的儿童比 MHO-适合的儿童具有更高的腰大肌脂肪分数（差异=29.1%，p=0.008）。
与 MUO 儿童相比，MHO 儿童的 VAT 以及 ASAT 和腰大肌脂肪分数更低。此外，我们还观察到，无论代谢表型如何，在超重/肥胖儿童中，保持健康的状态对特定的腹部脂肪沉积部位都具有保护作用。
