Department of Medicine, MedStar Harbor Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Medical Division, Greater Philadelphia Health Action, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Diabetes Metab Syndr. 2023 Apr;17(4):102759. doi: 10.1016/j.dsx.2023.102759. Epub 2023 Apr 10.
Obesity is a worldwide epidemic and has quickly become a clinical and public health challenge. The primary concern is the effect of obesity on quality of life. This review assesses the effectiveness of interventions such as exercise and diet in the management of obesity.
Studies selected reported on the obese adult population (18 years and older), who had a lifestyle modification using diet, exercise, or both. We screened a total of 324 articles, 25 were found to be duplicated, 261 were excluded after screening for eligibility, and 27 full-text articles due to study design, incomplete data. 11 full-text articles were reviewed and included in our study.
Participants placed on a dairy-based diet achieved a more significant reduction in body weight (-1.16 kg [-1.66, -0.66 kg], p < 0.001) and body fat mass (-1.49 kg [-2.06, -0.92 kg], p < 0.001). The ADF participants achieved body weight change of mean -0.9% ± 0.6% in the low-weight-loss group, and -9.9% ± 1.1% in the high-weight-loss group, whereas the caloric restricted (CR) participants achieved -1.3% ± 0.7% in the low-weight-loss, and -9.2% ± 1.2% in the high-weight-loss groups. A combination of intensive physical activity of about 175 min per week and a portion-controlled diet led to a more significant weight loss of 5%.
This systematic review identified that the most efficient regimen for obesity management in adults is the combination of strength plus endurance exercise for a minimum of 175 min per week and a customized hypocaloric diet based on patient-specific metabolic needs and overall health status.
肥胖是一种全球性的流行疾病，已迅速成为临床和公共卫生领域的挑战。主要关注点是肥胖对生活质量的影响。本综述评估了运动和饮食等干预措施在肥胖管理中的有效性。
本研究筛选了报告肥胖成年人群（18 岁及以上）采用饮食、运动或两者结合进行生活方式改变的研究。我们总共筛选了 324 篇文章，发现 25 篇文章重复，261 篇文章在筛选合格性后被排除，27 篇文章由于研究设计和数据不完整被排除。11 篇全文文章进行了审查并纳入了本研究。
接受基于乳制品饮食的参与者体重减轻更显著（-1.16 公斤[-1.66，-0.66 公斤]，p<0.001）和体脂肪量减少（-1.49 公斤[-2.06，-0.92 公斤]，p<0.001）。ADF 组低减重组体重变化平均值为-0.9%±0.6%，高减重组为-9.9%±1.1%，而 caloric restricted (CR) 组低减重组为-1.3%±0.7%，高减重组为-9.2%±1.2%。每周约 175 分钟的强化体力活动和控制饮食相结合，可显著减轻 5%的体重。
本系统综述发现，成人肥胖管理最有效的方案是将力量加耐力运动相结合，每周至少进行 175 分钟，并根据患者特定的代谢需求和整体健康状况制定个性化低热量饮食。
