Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
Endocrine Research Unit, Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States of America.
Exp Gerontol. 2023 Jun 15;177:112177. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2023.112177. Epub 2023 May 2.
Aging is associated with profound alterations in skeletal muscle, including loss of muscle mass and function, local inflammation, altered mitochondrial physiology, and attenuated anabolic responses to exercise termed anabolic resistance. "Inflammaging," the chronic, low-grade inflammation associated with aging, may contribute to many of the age-related derangements in skeletal muscle, including its ability to respond to exercise and nutritional stimuli. Inflammation and exercise are closely intertwined in numerous ways. A single bout of muscle-damaging exercise stimulates an acute inflammatory response in the skeletal muscle that is essential for muscle repair and regeneration; however, the chronic systemic and local inflammation associated with aging may impair acute inflammatory and anabolic responses to exercise. In contrast, exercise training is anti-inflammatory, targeting many of the potential root causes of inflammaging. In this review, we discuss the interplay between inflammation and exercise in aging and highlight potential therapeutic targets for improving adaptive responses to exercise in older adults.
衰老是与骨骼肌的深刻变化相关联的，包括肌肉质量和功能的丧失、局部炎症、线粒体生理学改变以及运动引起的合成代谢反应减弱，称为合成代谢抵抗。与衰老相关的“慢性低度炎症”，即“炎症状况”，可能导致骨骼肌的许多与年龄相关的紊乱，包括其对运动和营养刺激的反应能力。炎症和运动以多种方式密切交织在一起。单次肌肉损伤运动刺激骨骼肌中的急性炎症反应，这对于肌肉修复和再生至关重要；然而，与衰老相关的慢性全身和局部炎症可能会损害运动引起的急性炎症和合成代谢反应。相比之下，运动训练具有抗炎作用，针对炎症状况的许多潜在根源。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了衰老过程中炎症和运动之间的相互作用，并强调了改善老年人对运动的适应性反应的潜在治疗靶点。
