School of Materials and Chemistry, Institute of Bismuth, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Energy Therapy for Tumors, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
Department of Anesthesiology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces. 2023 Jun;226:113302. doi: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113302. Epub 2023 Apr 7.
Transdermal drug delivery is an effective way of drug delivery in addition to oral and intravenous administration. Among them, microneedle administration is a new type of subcutaneous drug delivery, which forms micron-level pores on the surface of the skin, making the drug enter the dermis through the cuticular layer of the skin in the least invasive way. This mode of drug delivery not only increases the permeation efficiency of transdermal drug delivery but also improves the bioavailability of drug delivery. At present, there are many kinds of research on microneedles, such as solid microneedles, hollow microneedles, soluble polymer microneedles, etc. However, some new microneedle drug delivery systems have been gradually developed and applied with the development of microneedle drug delivery technology, for meeting the more complex pathological environment. In this review, we focus on the principle, structure, and function of some new types of microneedles, such as stimulus-response microneedles, iontophoresis microneedles, and bionic microneedles. We summarize the effects of materials, geometry, and size on the properties of microneedles as well as their applications and potential developments in the field of biomedicine. We hope that this review can provide new ideas and help with the development of new microneedle drug delivery systems.
经皮给药是除口服和静脉给药之外的一种有效的药物传递方式。其中，微针给药是一种新型的皮下药物传递方式，它在皮肤表面形成微米级别的孔，以最微创的方式使药物通过皮肤的角质层进入真皮。这种药物传递方式不仅提高了经皮药物传递的渗透效率，而且提高了药物传递的生物利用度。目前，有许多关于微针的研究，如固体微针、空心微针、可溶性聚合物微针等。然而，随着微针药物传递技术的发展，一些新的微针药物传递系统逐渐得到开发和应用，以满足更复杂的病理环境。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了一些新型微针，如刺激响应微针、离子电渗微针和仿生微针的原理、结构和功能。我们总结了材料、几何形状和尺寸对微针性能的影响，以及它们在生物医学领域的应用和潜在发展。我们希望这篇综述能为新的微针药物传递系统的开发提供新的思路和帮助。
