Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University Chobanian and Avedesian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.
Department of Psychology, University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire.
Womens Health Issues. 2023 Jul-Aug;33(4):435-442. doi: 10.1016/j.whi.2023.03.002. Epub 2023 Apr 20.
Breast density information aims to increase awareness of breast density and its risks and to foster more informed future breast screening decisions among women with dense breasts. We explored associations between such information and outcomes including anxiety, confusion, or feeling informed, and whether they varied by race/ethnicity or literacy, or differentially affected future mammography plans.
A national telephone survey of a diverse sample of women previously informed of personal breast density (N = 1,322) assessed reactions to receipt of breast density information and future mammography plans.
Most women (86%) felt informed after receiving personal breast density information; however, some felt anxious (15%) or confused (11%). Reactions varied significantly by sociodemographics; non-Hispanic Black, Asian, and Hispanic women and women with low literacy were nearly two to three times more likely to report anxiety than non-Hispanic White women (all ps < .05). Asian women and those with low literacy less often felt informed and more often felt confused. Non-Hispanic Black and Asian women were nearly twice as likely to report that knowing their breast density made them more likely to have future mammograms. Women with low literacy were more likely to change mammography plans, with some being more likely and others less likely to plan to have future mammograms. Greater anxiety and confusion were associated with higher likelihood of planning future mammograms; those feeling informed were less likely to plan future mammography.
Differential reactions to breast density information are concerning if associated with disparate future screening plans. Future breast density education efforts should ensure that such information is readily accessible and understandable to all women in order to lead to desired effects.
乳腺密度信息旨在提高对乳腺密度及其风险的认识,并促进致密乳腺女性更明智地选择未来的乳腺筛查决策。我们探讨了这些信息与焦虑、困惑或感觉知情等结果之间的关联,以及这些关联是否因种族/民族或文化程度而异,或者是否对未来的乳房 X 光检查计划产生不同影响。
一项针对先前被告知个人乳腺密度的不同种族女性的全国电话调查(N=1322)评估了对乳腺密度信息的反应和未来乳房 X 光检查计划。
大多数女性(86%)在收到个人乳腺密度信息后感到知情;然而,有些女性感到焦虑(15%)或困惑(11%)。反应在社会人口统计学方面存在显著差异;非西班牙裔黑人、亚洲人和西班牙裔女性以及文化程度较低的女性报告焦虑的可能性是非西班牙裔白人女性的近两倍至三倍(所有 p<0.05)。亚洲女性和文化程度较低的女性不太可能感到知情,而更有可能感到困惑。非西班牙裔黑人和亚洲女性报告说,了解自己的乳腺密度使她们更有可能进行未来的乳房 X 光检查的可能性几乎是两倍。文化程度较低的女性更有可能改变乳房 X 光检查计划,其中一些女性更有可能,而另一些女性则不太可能计划进行未来的乳房 X 光检查。较高的焦虑和困惑与计划未来乳房 X 光检查的可能性增加相关;那些感到知情的女性不太可能计划未来的乳房 X 光检查。
如果与不同的未来筛查计划相关,对乳腺密度信息的不同反应令人担忧。未来的乳腺密度教育工作应确保所有女性都能轻松获得和理解这些信息,以达到预期的效果。